Chapter 5 - General Anatomy and Physiology - Circulation, The heart

Question 1

What is the main component of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

The heart

Question 2

Where is the heart situated?

Answer 2

The Thorax (Chest cavity)

Question 3

What two things does the heart do?

Answer 3

Pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body tissues

Collects deoxygenated blood from the body and transports it to the lungs

Question 4

How many chambers does the heart have?

Answer 4

Four

Question 5

What are the upper two chambers of the heart called?

Answer 5

Atria

Question 6

What are the lower two chambers of the heart called?

Answer 6

Ventricles

Question 7

What are the atria and ventricles separated by?

Answer 7

One-way valves

Question 8

In what direction does the blood flow in the heart?

Answer 8

From the atria to the ventricles only

Question 9

What does the Right side of the heart only transport?

Answer 9

Deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs

Question 10

What does the Left side of the heart only transport?

Answer 10

Oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body

Question 11

Deoxygenated blood is collected from the whole body through the veins and is transported where?

Answer 11

To the right atrium via the inferior and superior venae cavae.

Question 12

How does deoxygenated blood enter the lungs for re-oxygenation?

Answer 12

As the heart beats, it pumps this blood through the TRICUSPID VALVE into the right ventricle. The next beat pumps it into the PULMONARY ARTERY where it enters the lungs for re-oxygenation.

Question 13

What blood vessel does deoxygenated blood enter the lungs through?

Answer 13

Pulmonary Artery

Question 14

Where does oxygenated blood enter the heart?

Answer 14

Left Atrium

Question 15

What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood into the heart?

Answer 15

Pulmonary Vein

Question 16

How does oxygenated blood enter the rest of the body?

Answer 16

Oxygenated blood returns to the LEFT ATRIUM through the PULMONARY VEIN form the lungs, then pumped through the MITRAL VALVE into the LEFT VENTRICLE. The next heartbeat pushes the blood out of the heart into the AORTA and the to the rest of the body.

Question 17

What feature prevents blood from flowing the wrong way?

Answer 17

One way valves