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Levison's Dental Nursing > Chapter 5 - General Anatomy and Physiology - Circulation, The heart > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - General Anatomy and Physiology - Circulation, The heart Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main component of the circulatory system?

A

The heart

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2
Q

Where is the heart situated?

A

The Thorax (Chest cavity)

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3
Q

What two things does the heart do?

A

Pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body tissues

Collects deoxygenated blood from the body and transports it to the lungs

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4
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

Four

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5
Q

What are the upper two chambers of the heart called?

A

Atria

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6
Q

What are the lower two chambers of the heart called?

A

Ventricles

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7
Q

What are the atria and ventricles separated by?

A

One-way valves

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8
Q

In what direction does the blood flow in the heart?

A

From the atria to the ventricles only

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9
Q

What does the Right side of the heart only transport?

A

Deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs

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10
Q

What does the Left side of the heart only transport?

A

Oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body

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11
Q

Deoxygenated blood is collected from the whole body through the veins and is transported where?

A

To the right atrium via the inferior and superior venae cavae.

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12
Q

How does deoxygenated blood enter the lungs for re-oxygenation?

A

As the heart beats, it pumps this blood through the TRICUSPID VALVE into the right ventricle. The next beat pumps it into the PULMONARY ARTERY where it enters the lungs for re-oxygenation.

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13
Q

What blood vessel does deoxygenated blood enter the lungs through?

A

Pulmonary Artery

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14
Q

Where does oxygenated blood enter the heart?

A

Left Atrium

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15
Q

What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood into the heart?

A

Pulmonary Vein

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16
Q

How does oxygenated blood enter the rest of the body?

A

Oxygenated blood returns to the LEFT ATRIUM through the PULMONARY VEIN form the lungs, then pumped through the MITRAL VALVE into the LEFT VENTRICLE. The next heartbeat pushes the blood out of the heart into the AORTA and the to the rest of the body.

17
Q

What feature prevents blood from flowing the wrong way?

A

One way valves

Levison's Dental Nursing (4 decks)

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