Chapter 5: Gases

Question 1

What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 1

• Volume and Pressure are inverses of each other when temperature and amount of gas remain constant.
• -> V = 1/P
• ->P1V1 = P2V2

Question 2

What is pressure?

Answer 2

-Force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surface around them.

Question 3

What is Charles Law?

Answer 3

• Volume and Temperature are proportional when P and amount of gas (moles) are constant
• -> V = T
• -> V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 4

What is Avogadro’s Law?

Answer 4

• Amount of gas is proportional to Volume, when temperature and pressure are constant.
• -> V = n
• -> V1/n1 = V2/n2

Question 5

What is the Ideal Gas Law?

Answer 5

• V = nT/P
• PV = nRT
• Combines all of the other gas laws

Question 6

What is Standard temperature and pressure?

Answer 6

• n = 1 mol
• R = constant
• T = 273
• P = 1 atm
• V = 22.4 L

Question 7

What are 3 applications of gases?

Answer 7

• Density

- Mixtures have multiple components but act independent, obtain partial pressures

Question 8

What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

Answer 8

• Explains why we have pressure
• States 3 postulates/assumptions”
• -> Size of particle is negligible
• -> Average Kinetic Energy of an atom is proportional to the temp
• –> Collisions with particles are elastic no energy is lost in collisions i.e. bounce back to same form

Question 9

What is the root mean square?

Answer 9

• Average velocity

Question 10

What are characteristics of the root mean square?

Answer 10

• The larger the mass the slower the velocity

- The higher the temperature the fasters the velocity

Question 11

What occurs with two gases with the same amount of moles , which has a greater partial pressure?

Answer 11

• Both have the same values of partial pressure