Chapter 5 (Forearm, Elbow, Humerus) Flashcards
The body of the ulna is ______, _______, and _______ ________.
Long, slender, and tapers inferiorly.
The upper portion of the ulna is: ______, ______ ________ _______-_______ _______, ________ ________.
Large
Presents two beak-like processes
Concave depressions
The proximal process, or olecranon process of the ulna concaves _____ and slightly ________.
Forms the proximal portion of the ________.
Anteriorly and slightly inferiorly
Trochlear notch
The more distal coronoid process projects anteriorly from the anterior surface of the body and curves slightly:
The process is triangular and forms the lower portion of the:
superiorly.
Trochlear Notch.
A depression called the radial notch is located on the lateral aspect of the:
coronoid process.
The distal end of the ulna includes a rounded process on its lateral side called the:
Head
Ulnar styloid process is a narrower conic projection on the ________ ________:
posteromedial side.
What separates the head of the Ulna from the wrist joint:
Articular disk
The proximal end of the radius: ______, _______ ______ ______ _______,above the ________.
Small
Flat disk like head, Above the neck
Just inferior to the neck on the medial side of the body of the radius is a roughened process called the:
Radial Tuberosity
The distal end of the radius is broad and flattened and has a conic projection on its lateral surface called the:
Radial Styloid Process
The arm has one bone called the humerus, which consists of:
a body and two articular ends.
The proximal part of the humerus articulates with the:
shoulder girdle.
Broad and flattened and presents numerous processes and depressions:
Distal Humerus
The entire distal end of the humerus is called the: _______ _______
and includes: ______ _____ ________ for articulation with the forearm bones.
Humeral Condyle
Two smooth elevations
The two smooth elevations for articulation with the forearm bones are:
The trochlea on the medial side
The capitulum on the lateral side
The medial and lateral epicondyles are Superior to the ______ and are easily ______.
condyle
palpated
On the anterior surface superior to the trochlea, a shallow depression, called the:
Receives the coronoid process when the:
Coronoid Fossa
Elbow is flexed
Relatively small, receives the radial head when the elbow is flexed
Radial Fossa
Lateral to the coronoid fossa and proximal to the capitulum:
Radial Fossa
A deep depression found immediately behind the coronoid fossa on the posterior surface and accommodates the olecranon process when the elbow is extended:
Olecranon Fossa
The proximal end of the humerus contains:
The head
The head of the humerus is: _____, ______, and _______.
Large, smooth, and rounded
The head of the humerus lies in an ______ plane on the _______ side.
oblique
superomedial
Just below the humerus head, lying in the same oblique plane, is the narrow:
constricted anatomic neck.
The constriction of the body just below the tubercles is called the:
Surgical Neck
The Surgical Neck is the site of many:
Fractures
Situated on the anterior surface of the humerus bone immediately below the anatomic neck:
Lesser Tubercle
The tendon of the subscapularis muscle inserts at the:
Lesser Tubercle
Located on the lateral surface of the bone just below the anatomic neck:
Greater Tubercle
The greater tubercle is separated from the lesser tubercle by a deep depression called the:
Intertubercular groove.
The distal and proximal radioulnar articulations are _____ ______ joints.
synovial pivot
The distal ulna articulates with the:
Ulnar notch of the distal radius.
The proximal head of the radius articulates with the:
Radial notch of the ulna at the medial side.
The movements of supination and pronation of the forearm and hand largely result from the combined rotary action of these two joints:
Distal and Proximal radioulnar articulations
In ____________, the radius turns medially and crosses over the ulna at its upper third and the ulna makes a slight counter rotation that rotates the _______ medially.
Pronation
Humerus
Includes the proximal radioulnar articulation and the articulations between the humerus and the radius and ulna:
The elbow joint proper.
The trochlea of the humerus articulates with the:
Ulna at the trochlear notch.
The Capitulum of the humerus articulates with the flattened head of the:
Radius
The humeroulnar and humeroradial articulations form a _______ _______ joint and allow only ______ and ______ movement.
synovial hinge joint
flexion and extension movement.
The proximal humerus and it’s articulations are described with the:
Shoulder girdle
The three areas of fat associated with the elbow joint can only be visualized in the:
Lateral projection
The three areas of fat associated with the elbow joint:
Posterior fat pad
Anterior fat pad
Supinator fat pad
Covers the largest area and lies within the olecranon fossa of the posterior humerus:
Posterior fat pad
The superimposed coronoid and radial fat pads, which lie in the coronoid and radial fossae of the anterior humerus, form the:
Anterior fat pad
Positioned anterior to and parallel with the anterior aspect of the proximal radius:
Supinator fat pad
When the elbow is flexed 90 degrees for the lateral projection, only the ______ and ______ fat pads are visible.
Anterior and supinator
When the elbow is flexed 90 degrees for the lateral projection, the posterior fat pad is depressed within the:
Olecranon fossa.
The anterior fat pad resembles a:
Teardrop
Supinator fat pad appears:
Long/thin
The fat pads become significant radiographically when an _______ _______ causes effusion and displaces the fat pads or alters their shape.
elbow injury
Visualization of the posterior fat pad is a reliable indicator of:
Elbow pathology
Exposure factors designed to show soft tissues are extremely important on lateral elbow radiographs because visualization of the fat pads may be:
The only evidence of injury.
Identify A:
Olecranon Process
Identify B:
Trochlear Notch
Identify C:
Radial Head
Identify D:
Radial Neck
Identify E:
Radial Tuberosity
Identify F:
Radial Body
Identify G:
Radial Styloid Process
Identify H:
Coronoid Process
Identify I:
Ulnar Body
Identify J:
Ulnar Head
Identify K:
Ulnar Styloid Process
Identify A:
Humeroradial Joint
Identify B:
Radiocarpal Joint
Identify C:
Humeroulnar Joint
Identify D:
Proximal Radioulnar Joint
Identify E:
Distal Radioulnar Joint
Identify A:
Coronoid Fossa
Identify B:
Medial Epicondyle
Identify C:
Trochlea
Identify D:
Radial Fossa
Identify E:
Capitulum
Identify F:
Lateral Epicondyle
Identify G:
Olecranon Fossa
Identify A:
Humerus
Identify B:
Radius
Identify C:
Ulna
Identify D:
Olecranon Process
Identify E:
Medial Epicondyle
Identify F:
Trochlea
Identify G:
Radial Fossa
Identify H:
Capitulum
Identify A:
Head
Identify B:
Greater Tubercle
Identify C:
Lesser Tubercle
Identify D:
Body
Identify E:
Medial Epicondyle
Identify F:
Trochlea
Identify G:
Coronoid Fossa
Identify H:
Lateral Epicondyle
Identify I:
Capitulum
