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NBCOT > Chapter 5: Fetal Sensorimotor Development > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Fetal Sensorimotor Development Flashcards

1
Q

Trimester that motor end plates form?

A

2nd

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2
Q

Trimester that fetus will startle to light

A

2nd

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3
Q

Trimester that MORO appears

A

3rd

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4
Q

Trimester that crossed extension appears

A

3rd

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5
Q

Trimester that sucking/hiccuping appears

A

1st

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6
Q

Trimester that visual fixation and ability to focus occur

A

3rd

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7
Q

Trimester that some muscles are mature and others are still developing

A

3rd

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8
Q

Trimester that taste buds develop

A

1st

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9
Q

Trimester that some nasal perception appears

A

3rd

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10
Q

Trimester that symmetrical and reciprocal movements appear

A

2nd

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11
Q

Trimester that positional changes appear

A

1st

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12
Q

Trimester that fetus will turn to auditory sounds

A

2nd

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13
Q

Trimester that olfactory perception appears

A

3rd

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14
Q

Trimester that optic nerve and cup are formed

A

1st

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15
Q

Trimester that sleep states appear

A

2nd

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16
Q

Trimester that quick generalized limb movements appear

A

1st

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17
Q

Trimester that fetal breathing begins

A

1st

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18
Q

Trimester that fetus can differentiate between tastes

A

3rd

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19
Q

Trimester that plantar and palmar grasp appear?

A

3rd

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20
Q

Trimester that grasp reflex appears?

A

2nd

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21
Q

Trimester that primitive motor reflex appear?

A

3rd

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22
Q

Trimester that fetus will respond to tactile stimulus?

A

1st

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23
Q

Trimester that tactile receptors differentiate

A

2nd

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24
Q

What is the most mature sensory system at birth?

A

Touch

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25
Q

What system is functioning at the end of the 1st trimester?

A

Vestibular

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26
Q

Trimester that begin to see positional changes?

A

1st

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27
Q

Normal gestational period

A

38-42 weeks

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28
Q

During what period are innate tactile, proprioceptive, and vestibular reactions acquired?

A

Prenatal

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29
Q

Systems that lay foundation for postural control with help develop a steady visual system (3)?

A

Visual
Proprioceptive
Vestibular

0-6 mo

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30
Q

Systems that lay foundation for development of somatosensory system (2)?

A

Tactile
Proprioceptive

0-6 mo

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31
Q

Systems that lay foundation for eye-hand coordination (2)?

A

Visual
Tactile

0-6 mo

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32
Q

System perceptions that help with motor planning and fine motor skill development (2)?

A

Proprioception
Tactile

6-12 mo

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33
Q

System responses that lead to meeting and crossing midline skills (2)?

A

Proprioception
Tactile

6-12 mo

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34
Q

Systems perceptions that help with development of sounds for the purpose of communication (3)?

A

Auditory
Tactile
Proprioceptive

6-12 mo

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35
Q

Systems perceptions that help with self-feeding skills development (4)?

A

Tactile
Proprioceptive
Gustatory
Olfactory

6-12 mo

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36
Q

System that helps with developing more precise discrimination and fine motor skills?

A

Tactile

13-24 mo

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37
Q

When do primitive reflexes typically appear and disappear?

A

Appear: at or right before birth

Disappear: about 1 year old

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38
Q

If primitive reflexes are persistent or re-emerging, what is that indicative of?

A

CNS dysfunction

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39
Q

Rooting Reflex

A

28 weeks to 3 months

Stroke the corner of the mouth, upper lip, and lower lip

Movement of the tongue, mouth, and/or head toward the stimulus

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40
Q

Suck-Swallow Reflex

A

28 weeks to 2-5 months

Place finger in mouth at midline

Strong rhythmic sucking

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41
Q

Traction Reflex

A

28 to 2-5 months

Grasp infant’s forearms and pull to sit

Complete flexion of UE

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42
Q

Moro Reflex

A

28 weeks to 4-6 months

Rapidly drop the infants head backwards

Initial arm extension and abduction and hand opening; then arm flexion and adduction

43
Q

Plantar Grasp Reflex

A

28 weeks to 9 months

Apply pressure to the infant’s ball of foot

Toe flexion

44
Q

Galant Reflex

A

32 weeks to 2 months

Hold infant in prone and gently scratch or tap along spine from shoulder to buttocks

Lateral trunk flexion and wrinkling of skin on stimulated side

45
Q

Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

A

37 weeks to 4-6 months

fully rotate infants head to one side and hold for 5 seconds

Extension of extremities on face side and flexion of extremities on the skull side

**Promotes visual hand regard

46
Q

Palmar Grasp Reflex

A

37 weeks to 4-6 months

Place finger in the palm

Finger flexion

47
Q

Tonic Labyrinthe Supine

A

> 37 weeks to 6 months

Place infant in supine

Increased extensor tone

48
Q

Tonic Labyrinthe Prone

A

> 37 weeks to 6 months

Place infant in prone

Increased flexor tone

49
Q

Labyrinthe/Optical Head Righting

A

> 37 weeks to persistent

Hold suspended in vertical and tilt slowly to any side

Upright positioning of the head

50
Q

Landau Reflex

A

3-4 months old to 12-14 months

Hold infant in horizontal prone suspension

Complete extension of head/trunk/extremities

51
Q

Symmetric Tonic Neck Reflex

A

4-6 months old to 8-12 months

place infant in crawling position and extend the head

Flexion of the hips and knees

52
Q

Neck Righting Reflex (NOB)

A

4-6 months to 5 years

Place in supine and fully turn head to one side

Log rolling of the entire body to maintain alignment with the head

53
Q

Body Righting Reflex (BOB)

A

4-6 months to 5 years

Place in supine, flex one hip/knee towards chest and hold briefly

Segmented rolling of the upper trunk to maintain alignment

54
Q

Downward Parachute (Protective Extension Downward) Reflex

A

4 months to Persist

Rapidly lower infant toward supporting surface while suspended vertically

Extension of lower extremities

55
Q

Forward Parachute Reflex

A

6-9 months to Persist

suddenly tilt infant fwd while suspended vertically

sudden extension of the UE, hand opening, and neck extension

56
Q

Sideward Parachute Reflex

A

7 months to Persist

Quickly but firmly tip to the side while in sitting

Arm extension and abduction to the side

57
Q

Backward Parachute Reflex

A

9-10 months to Persist

quickly but firmly tip backwards

backward arm extension

58
Q

Prone Tilting Reflex

A

5 months to persist

after positioning infant in prone, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface

Curving of the spine toward the raised side; abduction and extension of the arms and legs

59
Q

Supine Tilting and Sitting Tilting Reflex

A

7-8 months to persist

after positioning infant in supine or sitting, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface

Curving of the spine toward the raised side; abduction and extension of the arms and legs

60
Q

Quadruped Tilting Reflex

A

9-12 months to Persist

after positioning infant in all fours, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface

Curving of the spine toward the raised side; abduction and extension of the arms and legs

61
Q

Standing Tilting Reflex

A

12-21 months to Persist

after positioning infant in standing, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface

Curving of the spine toward the raised side; abduction and extension of the arms and legs

62
Q

At what age do infants create equilibrium reactions in prone?

A

5-6 mo

63
Q

At what age do infants create equilibrium reactions in supine?

A

7-8 mo

64
Q

At what age do infants start bringing hands/feet to mouth?

A

5 to 6 mo

65
Q

At what age does head lag disappear when pulling to sit while in supine?

A

5 to 6 mo

66
Q

At what age does an infant pivot in prone and move from prone to sitting?

A

7 to 8 mo

67
Q

At what age do infants roll from supine to side?

A

3 to 4 mo

68
Q

At what age do infants roll from prone to supine?

A

5 to 6 mo

69
Q

At what age do infants crawl on belly?

A

7 mo

70
Q

At what age do infants creep on hands and feet?

A

10-11 mo

71
Q

At what age do infants support self in sitting?

A

5 to 6 mo

72
Q

At what age do infants sit well with no support?

A

8 to 10 mo

73
Q

At what age do stand while supported holding onto furniture?

A

5 to 10 mo

74
Q

At what age do infants pull to stand using furniture?

A

6 to 12 mo

75
Q

At what age do infants transfer objects between hands?

A

4 to 8 mo

76
Q

At what age do infants bring fingers to midline

A

4 mo

77
Q

At what age does volitional release occur

A

7 to 9 mo

78
Q

At what age does clumsy release into a small container occur?

A

10-14 mo

79
Q

At what age does precise controlled release with wrist extended occur?

A

12-15 mo

80
Q

At what age do infants start raking and contacting objects?

A

6 mo

81
Q

At what age do infants develop a scissor grasp?

A

8 mo

82
Q

At what age do infants develop a pincer grasp?

A

10 mo

83
Q

At what age do infants develop a fine pincer grasp?

A

12 mo

84
Q

At what age do infants develop a primitive squeeze grasp?

A

4 mo

85
Q

At what age do infants develop a palmar grasp

A

4-5 mo (mostly 5 mo)

86
Q

At what age do infants develop a radial-palmar grasp?

A

6 mo

87
Q

At what age do infants develop a radial digital grasp with open webspace?

A

8 to 9 mo

88
Q

At what age do infants use two different hands for very different functions

A

2.5 yo

89
Q

At what age do babies begin to use hands for 2 different functions

A

12 to 18 mo

90
Q

At what age does finger to palm translation emerge (such as picking up small coins)?

A

12-15 mo

91
Q

At what age does palm to finger translation emerge (such as putting coins into a slot)?

A

2-2.5 yo

92
Q

At what age does shift manipulation skills emerge ( a linear movement of an object on the finger surfaces to allow for repositioning of objects in fingerpads for rolling dough or shifting a marker?)

A

3-6 yo depending on the skill

93
Q

At what age does simple rotation manipulation skills occur (turning/rolling of an object held at the finger pads appx 90 degrees or less i.e. unscrewing a small bottle cap)?

A

2 to 2.5 yo

94
Q

At what age does complex rotation manipulation skills occur (the rotation of something 360 degrees i.e. turning a pencil over to erase)?

A

6 to 7 y/o

95
Q

At what age does in hand manipulation with stabilization occur?

A

6 to 7 y/o

96
Q

At what age does palmar supinate grasp occur?

A

1-1.5 y/o

97
Q

At what age do digital pronate grasp occur?

A

2-3 y/o

98
Q

At what age does static tripod posture occur

A

3.5 to 4 y/o

99
Q

At what age does dynamic tripod posture occur?

A

4.5 to 6 y/o

100
Q

At what age does a child snip with scissors

A

2-3 y/o

101
Q

At what age does a child cut on a line

A

3-4 y/o

102
Q

At what age does a child cut out simple geometric shapes?

A

3-4 y/o

103
Q

At what age does a child cut simple figure shapes?

A

4-6 y/o

104
Q

At what age does a child cut complex figure shapes?

A

6-7 y/o

NBCOT (4 decks)

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