Chapter 3: Process of OT Flashcards
Validity
Measures the assessment’s accuracy to determine if the toll measures what it was intended to measure.
Face Validity
How well the assessment instrument appears “on the face of it” to meet its stated purpose
Construct Validity
Establishes that the content included in the eval is representative of what could be measured
Ex. does the content of a role checklist provide an adequate list of roles?
Criterion Validity
Compares the assessment tool to another one already established for validity.
2 types of criterion validity
- concurrent: compares the result of 2 tests given in about the same time
- predictive: compares the degree to which an instrument can predict performance on a future criterion.
Interventions designed to promote wellness, prevent disability/illness, and maintain health?
Prevention
Interventions that reduce the incidence/occurrence of a disease/disorder in a population that is currently well or considered to be at a potential risk?
Primary Prevention
Intervention Example: providing parenting classes to teen parents to prevent child abuse of neglect?
Primary prevention
“Create/Promote” and “Health Promotion” are AOTA terms coined for what type of intervention?
Primary Prevention
Interventions designed for early detections of problems in a population at risk to reduce the duration of a disorder/disease and/or minimize its effects through early detection/diagnosis, appropriate referral, and/or intervention?
Secondary Prevention
Intervention example: screening all infants that are born prematurely for developmental delay and immediate implementations of intervention for these delays?
Secondary Prevention
Interventions designed to eliminate or reduce the impact of dysfunction on an individual
Tertiary Prevention
Intervention Example: creating a provision of rehab services to maximize community participation
Tertiary Prevention
5 types of OT intervention
- Prevention
- Meeting health needs
- Change Process
- Management
- Maintenance
Most common type of OT intervention?
Change process
This type of intervention in which interventions are designed to satisfy inherent/universal needs
Health needs intervention
This type of intervention is designed to achieve behavioral change and functional outcomes
Change process intervention
This type of intervention is designed to reduce or minimize disruptive or undesirable behaviors that interfere with therapeutic activities or procedures needed to change areas of dysfunction that are the main focus of intervention
Management intervention
“Modify/Compensate/Adapt” are AOTA terms coined for what type of intervention?
Management intervention
“Establish/Restore/Remediate” are AOTA terms coined for what type of intervention?
Change process intervention
Intervention Example: a reminiscence group to maintain cognitive and social skills of individuals with early to mid-stage Alzheimer’s Disease?
Maintenance intervention
This type of intervention is designed to support and preserve the individuals currently functional level?
Maintenance intervention
Goal directed pursuits which typically extend over time. These has meaning, purpose, and value. They are ordinary and familiar things we do everyday.
Occupations
Activities that involve the care of self:
ADLs
Activities that involve environmental interaction and are considered optional:
IADLs
Procedural or Scientific Reasoning
This type of reasoning involves identifying OT problems, goal setting, and treatment planning. This is the actual “doing” of practice.
This term means the complex mental processed the therapist uses when thinking about the individual, disability, personal/social/cultural meanings and individual gives to disability, the uniqueness of the situation, and him/herself.
Clinical Reasoning
Interactive Reasoning
Deals with how the disability or disease affects the person; focusing on the client as a person
Involves the therapist, client, and CGs
Narrative Reasoning
Deals with the individuals occupational story and focuses on the process of change needed to reach an imagined future.
Identify what activities were important before, what they can do now, and what’re possible for the future given their current disability status.
Pragmatic Reasoning
Considers the treatment environment, OT practitioners values, knowledge, abilities, and experiences.
Focuses on the treatment possibilities within a given treatment setting.
Conditional Reasoning
Focuses on the ongoing revision of treatment.
Focuses on the current and possible future social contexts.
This leadership type takes place when the therapist is responsible for the planning and structuring of much of what takes place in the group?
Directive leadership
This leadership style is needed when the members’ cognitive, social, and verbal skills, as well as, engagement are limited.
Directive leadership
This leadership style takes place when the therapist shares responsibility for the group and the group process with the members
Facilitative leadership
This leadership style’s goal is: task accomplishment
Directive leadership
This leadership style’s goal is: have the member acquire a skill through practice
Faciliative leadership
This leadership style takes place when the therapist functions as a resource to the members, who set the agenda and structure of the group’s functioning
Advisory leadership
This leadership style’s goal is: to have members understand and self-direct the process
Advisory leadership
“Altruism”
giving of oneself to help others
“Catharsis”
relieving of one’s emotions by expressing one’s own feelings.
“Universality”
comes from recognizing shared feelings and that one’s own problems are not unique
“Existential”
Realizing that responsibility for change comes from inside oneself
