Chapter 5: Equity Securities Flashcards
Equity Security
Represent an ownership interest in a trust or company
Common Stock
-Shares that represent ownership in the company
-Have a claim to any residual cash
-Limited liability
Preferred Stock
-Higher claim on earnings and assets to a company
-Limited or no voting rights
-Received dividends before common shareholders
-Dividends are often fixed
Corporation
Business organization that operates as a legal entity separate from its owners and which the law treats as an individual
Debt Financing
Raising funds through borrowing
Advantage of Debt Financing
Shareholders’ control is not affected and retain full control of the company
Disadvantage of Debt Financing
Company has to pay fixed charges even if it is not doing well financially
Equity Financing
Getting funds by selling ownership in the company in the form of shares
Stock Issue
Raising funds by offering securities
Share Buyback
Company repurchases own shares
Rights of Common Shareholders
-Right to Inspect Corporate Documents
-Evidence of Ownership
-Transfer of Ownership
-Participation in Corporate Earning
Right to Inspect Corporate Documents
Can investigate admin and financial records but have to ask for governing documents or financial statements
Evidence of Ownership
Stock certificates show ownership; includes purchase date, number of shares owned, ID, and signatures
Transfer of Ownership
Stockholders can sell their shares without any restriction from the company unless subject to restrictions
Participation of Corporate Earning
Share in gains if company produces a profit
Statutory Voting
Allows investors to vote based on how many shares they have
Cumulative Voting
Number of shares is multiplied by number of director seats available
Restricted Securities
Acquired privately in an unregistered manner from the issuing company or affiliate
Lock-Up Agreement
Ensures that company insiders do not sell their shares for a set period of time
How long do lock-up agreements typically last?
90-180 days
Investment Letter
Establishes that the securities are being bought for a minimum duration of time and are not for resale
Restricted Stock
Shares issued to the employees as part of their pay but cannot be transferred until certain terms and conditions are met