Chapter 5: Electrostatics and Magnetism

Question 1

unit of charge (e)

Answer 1

e = 1.60 x 10^-19 C (coulomb)

protons are positively chraged and electrosn are negatively charged

Question 2

insulator

Answer 2

will not easily distribute charge

Question 2

conductor

Answer 2

will distribute approximately evenly upon the surface of the conductor

Question 3

coulomb’s law

Answer 3

Fe = k q1 q2 / r^2

Fe = magitude of the electrostatic force
Cq1 and q2 = magnitud eof two charges
k = coulomb’s constant
r = distance between the harges

Question 4

coulomb’s constant (k)

Answer 4

8.99 x 10^9 N . m^2 / C^2

Question 5

eletric field

Answer 5

E = Fe / q = kQ / r^2

E = eletric field magnitude
Fe = magnitude of the force felt by the test charge q
k = coulomb’s constant
Q = souce charge magnitude
r = distance between charges

Question 6

positive charges electric field

Answer 6

lines point outward

Question 7

negative charges electric field

Answer 7

lines point inwards

Question 7

electric potential energy

Answer 7

U = kQq / r

Question 7

electric potential energy

Answer 7

Electric potential energy is the work necessary to move a test charge from Infinity to a point in space in an electric field surrounding a source charge.

Question 8

charges and electriv potential energy

Answer 8

The electric potential energy of a system will increase when two like chargers move towards each other or when two opposite charges move apart. The electric potential energy for a system would decrease when two like charges move apart or when two pause opposite charges move towards each other.

Question 8

eletric potential

Answer 8

V = kQ / r

V = electric potential measured in volts (V)

For a positive source charge, V is positive but for a negative sorce charge V is negative.
Electric potential is the ratio of the work done to move a test charge from Infinity to a point in an electric field surrounding a source charge divided by the magnitude of the test charge.

Question 9

1 Volt

Answer 9

1 J / C

Question 10

potential difference

Answer 10

ΔV = Vb -Va = Wab / q

Wab = Work needed to move a test charge q through an electric field from A to point B.

Question 11

For a positive test charge.

Answer 11

Moving from a position of higher electric potential to a position of lower electric potential. The voltage is negative in this case because q is positive. Thus, the Wab must be negative, which represents a decrease in electric potential energy.

Question 12

For a negative test charge.

Answer 12

Move from a position of lower electric potential to a position of high electric potential. The voltage is positive in this case because q is negative. And was also be negative, which again represents a decrease in electric potential energy. The take away is that positive charges will spontaneously move from the direction that decreases their electric potential. ( negative voltage). In negative charges will spontaneously move in a direction that increases their electric potential (positive voltage)

Question 13

dipole moment (p)

Answer 13

p = qd

product ofcharge and separation distance

Question 14

cos 90 =

Answer 14

0

Question 14

magnetic field

Answer 14

tesla (T)
1T = 104 gauss

Question 14

torque on a dipole in an electric field

Answer 14

τ = p E sinθ

Question 14

magnetic field from a loop of wire

Answer 14

B =

Question 15

magnetic force on a movieng point charge

Answer 15

Fb = q v B sinθ

v = magnitud eof its velocity
B = magnitude of the magnetic field
θ = angle between the velocity anf thr magnetic field

Question 15

magnetic force on current-carrying wire

Answer 15

Fb = I L B sinθ

I = current
L = lenght of the wire in the field

current is considered the flow of positive charge

Question 16

positive charges will move spontaneously from ___ potential to ___ potential

Answer 16

high / low

Question 17

negative charges will move spontaneously from ___ potential to ___ potential

Answer 17

low / high

Question 18

diamagnetic

Answer 18

no unpaired electrons

Question 19

paramagnetic

Answer 19

some umpaired, weakly magnetic

Question 20

ferromagnetic

Answer 20

some umpaired, strong magnetic