Chapter 5 - Electrons Flashcards
What is the value of the speed of light?
3.00x10^8 m/s
What does light behave like?
A wave
What does wavelength mean and what is measured as?
The distance between waves. It is measured in some form of meters (often, nanometers).
What does frequency mean and what is it measured as?
How many waves pass a given point per second. It is measured in Hertz (Hz), also known as “inverse seconds” (s-1).
The wavelength and frequency of light are ________________
Inversely proportional
What do each of the variables in this equation stand for: c=λυ
c = speed of light (3.00x10^8 m/s)
λ = wavelength
υ = Frequency
When you pass light through a prism, it emits it’s
atomic emission spectra
The ______ away from the nucleus an electron is, the higher its energy level.
Farther
True or false; the Bohr Model works for all elements
False; it only works for hydrogen
What can be used to “excite” an electron?
Heat, electricity, or light
What does the electron release when it falls back to it’s ground state?
A photon with the same amount of energy needed to excite the electron.
What formula can be used to find the energy of a photon?
E=hυ
E = energy of photon
h = Planck’s Constant
u = frequency
Energy is _____
quantized
A quantum is to energy what an atom is to _________
matter
A quantum of light is called a _______
Photon
Do photon’s have mass?
No; they are tiny amounts of energy
The energy of a photon is ________ to its frequency
Proportional
If you square the wave function, you get the _____________ of finding an electron in a certain place at a certain time.
Probability
Electron Configurations describe where an electron is ____ ______ to be, using the quantum mechanical model.
Most likely
An atomic orbital is
A mathematical expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations; usually represented by the region of space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron.
Quantum mechanical model is
The modern description, primarily mathematical, of the behavior of electrons in atoms
Spin is
a quantum mechanical property of electrons that may be thought of as clockwise or counterclockwise.
How many principle energy levels are there?
7
How many sublevels are there?
4; s, d, p, f
What is the s orbital the shape of?
A sphere
What is the p sublevel the shape of?
Two balloons
What is the d sublevel the shape of?
A clover
What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle state?
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that an atomic orbital can hold up to two electrons.
What does the Aufbau Principle state?
That electrons fill lowest energy orbitals first.
What does Hund’s rule state?
That electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that maximizes the number of unpaired electrons.
