Chapter 5 - Electrons

Question 1

What is the value of the speed of light?

Answer 1

3.00x10^8 m/s

Question 2

What does light behave like?

Answer 2

A wave

Question 3

What does wavelength mean and what is measured as?

Answer 3

The distance between waves. It is measured in some form of meters (often, nanometers).

Question 4

What does frequency mean and what is it measured as?

Answer 4

How many waves pass a given point per second. It is measured in Hertz (Hz), also known as “inverse seconds” (s-1).

Question 5

The wavelength and frequency of light are ________________

Answer 5

Inversely proportional

Question 6

What do each of the variables in this equation stand for: c=λυ

Answer 6

c = speed of light (3.00x10^8 m/s)
λ = wavelength
υ = Frequency

Question 7

When you pass light through a prism, it emits it’s

Answer 7

atomic emission spectra

Question 8

The ______ away from the nucleus an electron is, the higher its energy level.

Answer 8

Farther

Question 9

True or false; the Bohr Model works for all elements

Answer 9

False; it only works for hydrogen

Question 10

What can be used to “excite” an electron?

Answer 10

Heat, electricity, or light

Question 11

What does the electron release when it falls back to it’s ground state?

Answer 11

A photon with the same amount of energy needed to excite the electron.

Question 12

What formula can be used to find the energy of a photon?

Answer 12

E=hυ
E = energy of photon
h = Planck’s Constant
u = frequency

Question 13

Energy is _____

Answer 13

quantized

Question 14

A quantum is to energy what an atom is to _________

Answer 14

matter

Question 15

A quantum of light is called a _______

Answer 15

Photon

Question 16

Do photon’s have mass?

Answer 16

No; they are tiny amounts of energy

Question 17

The energy of a photon is ________ to its frequency

Answer 17

Proportional

Question 18

If you square the wave function, you get the _____________ of finding an electron in a certain place at a certain time.

Answer 18

Probability

Question 19

Electron Configurations describe where an electron is ____ ______ to be, using the quantum mechanical model.

Answer 19

Most likely

Question 20

An atomic orbital is

Answer 20

A mathematical expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations; usually represented by the region of space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron.

Question 21

Quantum mechanical model is

Answer 21

The modern description, primarily mathematical, of the behavior of electrons in atoms

Question 22

Spin is

Answer 22

a quantum mechanical property of electrons that may be thought of as clockwise or counterclockwise.

Question 23

How many principle energy levels are there?

Answer 23

7

Question 24

How many sublevels are there?

Answer 24

4; s, d, p, f

Question 25

What is the s orbital the shape of?

Answer 25

A sphere

Question 26

What is the p sublevel the shape of?

Answer 26

Two balloons

Question 27

What is the d sublevel the shape of?

Answer 27

A clover

Question 28

What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle state?

Answer 28

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that an atomic orbital can hold up to two electrons.

Question 29

What does the Aufbau Principle state?

Answer 29

That electrons fill lowest energy orbitals first.

Question 30

What does Hund’s rule state?

Answer 30

That electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that maximizes the number of unpaired electrons.