Chapter 2: Matter & Change Flashcards
Matter
Anything that has mass & volume
Volume
Measure of the amount of space that a substance of an object takes up
Substance
Matter that has a uniform & definite composition
Compound
A substance composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of 2 or more chemical elements
Elements
A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom
Physical property
Characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Melting point
The temperature at which it changes from solid to liquid
Boiling point
The temperature where the liquid-gas phase change occurs
Extensive
A property that depends of the amount of matter in a sample
Intensive
A property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample & not on the amount
Solid
Definite shape (rigid), definite volume, & particles vibrate around fixed axes
Liquid
No definite shape, has definite volume, & particles are free to move over each other, but are still attached to each other
Gas
No definite shape, no definite volume, particles move in random motion with little or no attraction to each other, & highly compressible
Plasma
State of matter that resembles a gas but has certain properties that gases do not have
Melting
Example of physical change
Vaporization
Liquid to gas
Freezing
Liquid to solid
Condensation
Gas to liquid
Mixture
Combo of 2 or more substances in any proportion
Solution
Homogeneous mixture with tiny particles
Colloid
Homogeneous mixture with medium-sized particles
Suspension
Heterogeneous mixture with large particles
Homogeneous
A mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the mixture
Heterogeneous
A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture
Phase
Any part of a sample that has a uniform composition & properties
Chromatography
Separation of mixtures by passing it in solution or suspension, or as vapor, through a medium in which the components move at different rates.
Distillation
An effective method to separate mixtures that are comprised of 2 or more pure liquids
Evaporation
A technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures that contain 1 or more dissolved salts
Filtration
A separation method used to separate out solids and liquids
Chemical change
A change that produces matter with a different composition
Chemical reaction
A process in which some substances change into different substances (same as chemical change)
Chemical symbol
A one or 2 letter designation of an element
Chemical formula
An expressions that shows the elements in a compound & the relative proportions of those elements
Chemical property
Describes the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change
Chemical equation
Representation of a chemical reaction
Reactant
A substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction
Product
A substance that is present at the end of a chemical reaction
Precipitate
A solid produced as a result of a chemical reaction
