Chapter 5: Data

Question 1

A record is one instance of a set of fields in a table.

Answer 1

Attribute

Question 2

A broad term for data sets so large or complex that traditional data processing applications are inadequate

Answer 2

Big Data

Question 3

An organized collection of related information.

Answer 3

Database

Question 4

Created to hold the metadata, defining the fields and structure of the database. To learn more, check out the example below and this resource from the University of Regina on data modeling and ERD diagrams.

Answer 4

Data Dictionary

Question 5

The structure and organization of data in a database

Answer 5

Data Hierarchy

Question 6

Consistency among the stored data.

Answer 6

Data Integrity

Question 7

Programs that provide user-friendly, interfaces to view and change a database, create queries, and develop reports.

Answer 7

Database Management Systems (DBMS)

Question 8

The use of a programming language to modify data in a database to make it easier to view or for the purpose of decision making.

Answer 8

Database Manipulation

Question 9

of a database is the logical structure of the data items and their relationships

Answer 9

Data Model

Question 10

The integration of the whole data in an organization leads to the ability to produce more information from a given amount of data. When the data is centralized in one database it makes it easier.

Answer 10

Data Sharing

Question 11

When defining the fields in a database table, we must give each field a …For example, the field ‘StudentName’ is text string, while ‘EnrollmentCapacity’ is number. Most modern databases allow for several different …to be stored.

Answer 11

Data Types

Question 12

the data contained in the database (e.g., students, course, grade, classroom)

Answer 12

Entities

Question 13

Which shows the relationships among the tables of data. When a database is being designed.

Answer 13

Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Question 14

Which contains only one file/table, with no relationships.A table created in a spreadsheet would be considered a …

Answer 14

Flat File Database

Question 15

Popular in the 1960s and 1970s, connected data together in a hierarchy, allowing for a parent/child relationship between data.

Answer 15

Hierarchical Database Model

Question 16

Data that describes other data.

Answer 16

Metadata

Question 17

… a database means to design it in a way that reduces data redundancy; and ensure data integrity

Answer 17

Normalization

Question 18

A type of database that operates using means other than relational tables. …became popular with the growth of Web 2.0 and the need for faster data retrieval.

Answer 18

NoSQL Databases

Question 19

A graphical query tool, to retrieve data though visualized commands.

Answer 19

Query-by-Example (QBE)

Question 20

the rows of the table.

Answer 20

Record(row)

Question 21

…is data that is repeated in a database, which can cause the data set to be inconsistent. In the database approach, ideally each data item is stored in only one place in the database.

Answer 21

Redundant Data

Question 22

One in which data is organized into one or more related tables.

Answer 22

Relational Database

Question 23

between data items (e.g., students get grades in courses that are offered in classrooms)

Answer 23

Relationships

Question 24

Refers to a database getting larger and larger, being distributed on a larger number of computers connected via a network.

Answer 24

Scale

Question 25

Developed to provide an overall description of the database.

Answer 25

Schema

Question 26

The most common language for creating and manipulating databases. …inhabiting everything from desktop software, to high-powered enterprise products.

Answer 26

Structured Query Language (SQL)