Chapter 5- Cellular Transport Flashcards
What is the difference between PASSIVE TRANSPORT & ACTIVE TRANSPORT?
Both goes across cell membrane and against the concentration gradient, but Passive Transport does NOT require energy, but Active Transport REQUIRES ATP.
What is the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT?
The difference in the concentration of molecules across a space
What are the 3 types?
DIFFUSION, OSMOSIS, & FACILITATED DIFFUSION
What is DIFFUSION?
The movement of molecules from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration
What is it called when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space?
EQUILIBRIUM (Food Coloring)
What is BROWNIAN MOVEMENT?
Random drifting of particles suspended in a fluid (liquid or gas)
How can the rate of diffusion be affected?
TEMPERATURE (^ Temp = ^ Rate)
CONCENTRATION DIFFERENCE
SIZE OR MASS (Bigger = Slower, Smaller = Faster)
SURFACE AREA
What is OSMOSIS?
The movement of water from higher solute concentration to lower solute concentration
What are the two types of solutions in osmosis?
Hypotonic and hypertonic
What is the difference between hypotonic and hypertonic?
Hypotonic has more water, less solute, and a lower molarity. Hypertonic has less water, more solute, and a higher molarity.
Which way does water move in osmosis
Hypotonic to hypertonic
What is turgor pressure
Pressure the water molecules exert again cell walls
What are the possible effects of osmosis and how do you define them
Plasmolysis- Loss of turgor pressure (water escapes), cells shrink. (Wilted Plants)
Cytolysis- Excess turgor pressure (Too much water comes in), cells burst.
What is more likely to occur in animals than plants (Cytolysis or Plasmolysis), and why?
Cytolysis, because animals do not have cell walls.
What does it mean for solutions to be ISOTONIC?
Concentrations are equal; Water will move into & out of the cell at equal rates.
