9-1 Fundamentals of Genetics Flashcards
What did Mendel experiment?
Cross-pollination
Who is the “Father of Genetics” & what did he study?
Gregor Mendel & Heredity
What is an allele?
An alternate form of a gene, 2 for every trait (mom & dad); represented by letters
What are the two types of alleles?
Dominant & Recessive
What is the Law of Dominance?
If a dominant allele is present, it will appear in the phenotype.
What are the three types of genotypes?
Homozygous dominant (AA), homozygous recessive (aa), & heterozygous (Aa)
What is the phenotype?
The appearance of the genotype in the offspring; “what shows up”
What are is the difference between hybrid & pure?
Pure=Homozygous
Hybrid=Heterozygous
Define a gene.
A segment of DNA controlling chromosome
How do you set up a genotypic ratio?
Homozygous Dominant: Heterozygous:Homozygous Recessive
How do you set up a phenotypic ratio?
Dominant : Recessive
What is the law of incomplete dominance?
No dominant or recessive allele; 2 or more alleles influence phenotype (ALLELES BLEND)
Hetero. Geno. = Mixed Pheno.
Red + White = Pink
*Different letters
What is the law of codominance?
Both alleles for a gene are expressed
Example: Spotted Pig or Blood Types
