chapter 5- cell division Flashcards
binary fission
when a prokaryotic cell divides. step 1 - DNA replication. step 2 - Chromosome segregation. step 3 - cytokinesis
what are the parts of cell division in eukaryotes
interphase(G1, S, G2), prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
what happens in interphase
the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA and organelles
how is the cell controlled
regulatory proteins tell the cell when it should stay and move one from phases to phases in the cell cycle
what is cancer
cancer is when the regulatory are not at work and the cell rapidly grows creating a tumor
what are chromosomes
coiled structures made up of DNA and proteins
what is the DNA called when the cell is not splitting and is not coiled into chromosomes
it is called chromatin
what are chromatids
two copies of identical chromsome that are connected by a centromere
what are homologous chromosomes
the chromosomes in a pair
what is prophase
chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nucleus breaks down
what happens during metaphase
spindle fibers attach to the centromere of each pair of chromatids. then the chromosomes center in the middle of the cell to prepare to split.
what happens during anaphase
sister chromotids seperate and teh centromeres divide
what happens during telophase
chromsomes begin to uncoil, and new nuclear membranes form
cytokinesis
right when the cell divides
asexual reproduction
a single parent genetical makes two identical daughters. the three types are binary fission, fragmentation, and budding.
