Chapter 5 - Bonding

Question 0

Ionic bond

Answer 0

The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions that have resulted from the TRANSFER of electron from one element to the other.

Question 1

The Octet Rule

Answer 1

When bonding occurs, atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with eight electrons in the outermost shell.

Question 2

Covalent Bond

Answer 2

A covalent bond is formed when atoms share a pair of electrons so that they satisfy the octet rule.

Question 3

Sigma bonding

Answer 3

A sigma bond is a covalent bond formed by the HEAD-ON OVERLAP of any two atomic orbitals.

Question 4

Pi bonds

Answer 4

Pi bonds are formed by the SIDEWAYS OVERLAP of any two p-orbitals

Question 5

Intramolecular bonding

Answer 5

Bonds holding atoms or ions together WITHIN the molecule or crystal lattice - ionic and covalent bonding.

Question 6

Intermolecular Bonding

Answer 6

Bonds that exist BETWEEN one molecule and another - Van Der Waals forces, Dipole-Dipole forces and Hydrogen Bonding.

Question 7

Van Der Waals Forces

Answer 7

Weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the formation of temporary dipoles.

These are the only forces that exist between non-polar molecules , example - H2, O2 etc

The strength of these forces increases as the molecules get bigger - the greater number of electrons allow the temporary dipoles to form more easily.