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Metallurgy > Chapter 5 and 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 and 6 Flashcards

0
Q

Which type of Iron ore is mixed with the binder in a balling drum to form pellets

A

Taconite

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1
Q

What task is performed by magnetic separators?

A

Separate out the iron or from the rock waste

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2
Q

What three materials are melted in a blast furnace

A

Coke, limestone and iron ore

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3
Q

Which ingredient in a blast furnace combines with impurities to form slag

A

Limestone

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4
Q

When a blast furnace is tapped, what material is removed first

A

Molten iron

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5
Q

What is a pig,

A

Long bolts which are cooled and hardened

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6
Q

What are the two most popular types of steel making furnaces in use today

A

Basic oxygen furnace and electric arc furnace

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7
Q

What type of furnace is used to convert iron ore to pig iron

A

Basic oxygen furnace

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8
Q

Describe the basic oxygen process

A

Blast of oxygen at supersonic speeds to intensify the heat

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9
Q

Why are lime and fluorspar added to basic oxygen furnaces

A

Combines with carbon and other impurities to form slag

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10
Q

Electric arc furnaces are normally used to produce what types of steel

A

Hi quality steel

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11
Q

Pouring molten steel into it ingot molds

A

Teeming

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12
Q

Removing ingots from the ingot molds

A

Stripping

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13
Q

Heating ingots to obtain more uniform properties in the metal

A

Soaking

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14
Q

Why are ingots soaked

A

To prevent the outer surface of the ingot from solidifying before the inside to obtain more uniform properties in the metal

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15
Q

Where ingots taken after they are removed from the soaking pit

A

Carried to the rolling mill

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16
Q

The difference between a batch furnace and a continuous casting furnace

A

Continuous casting furnace makes a continuous length of metal batch furnace makes a batch and pours and molds and then another batch can be started

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17
Q

Two types of furnaces used to produce cast iron

A

The cupola and electric induction furnace

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18
Q

What is the function of a tundish in the continuous casting process

A

To regulate the flow to a steady rate and distributes into a series of moving molds

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19
Q

Name the two elements found in every type of steel

A

Carbon and iron

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20
Q

What percentage of carbon is in steel

A

0% to 2%

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21
Q

Most steel contains more than what percent iron

A

0.15% and 1.0%

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22
Q

As a carbon content in steel increases, does the steel become more brittle or more ductile

A

More brittle

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23
Q

As the content of carbon in steel increases does the steel become harder or softer

A

As the carbon increases the steel gets harder

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24
Q

As the carbon content in steel increases, does the steel become stronger or weaker

A

As a carbon increases the steel gets stronger

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25
Q

The first two numbers in the numerical name of the type of steel tells you what

A

The alloy content

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26
Q

The last two or three digits of a numeric name tells you what

A

The percentage of carbon in the steel

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27
Q

If there are three digits what does that mean

A

More than 1% carbon

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28
Q

Wrought iron has what % carbon

A

Essentially 0%

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29
Q

Cast-iron has what percent carbon

A

2% to 4%

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30
Q

Steel has what percent carbon

A

0% to 2%

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31
Q

Name two alloying elements that improve the corrosion resistance of steel

A

Chromium and copper

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32
Q

Four ways in which alloying elements can improve steel

A

Increase machinability increase strength increase hardness corrosion resistance

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33
Q

What is the most common type of steel

A

Carbon steel

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34
Q

Percentage of carbon in low carbon steel

A

0.05% to 0.35%

35
Q

Percentage of carbon in medium carbon steel

A

0.35% to 0.50%

36
Q

Percentage of carbon in high carbon steel

A

0.50% may be over 1%

37
Q

Steel that contains large amounts of nickel and small amount of carbon usually contains 18% to 25% nickel

A

Maraging steel

38
Q

What category steel has members with names such as W1 and A6

A

Tool steel

39
Q

What does the S stand for in the steel identified as S1

A

Shock resisting

40
Q

What two ores are common in stainless steel

A

Chromium alloy and nickel alloy

41
Q

Six uses for spring steel

A
  1. Camera shutters 2. Circular cutters and machine-tool industry 3. Fishing rods 4. Putting knives 5. Manage your files 6. Springs for clocks
42
Q

Five basic types of cast-iron

A

Gray, white, malleable, ductile, and special alloy

43
Q

Which type of cast-iron is the most commonly used?

A

Gray cast-iron

44
Q

What is the biggest disadvantage of white cast-iron

A

Brittle and more difficult to machine

45
Q

What is the advantage of gray and white cast-iron over malleable and ductile cast-iron

A

The hardness makes it useful for use in Mills and gives it compressive strength

46
Q

What type of cast iron is produced when carbon is broken down into temper carbon particles

A

Malleable cast-iron

47
Q

What are the main advantages of malleable and ductile cast-iron over gray and white cast-iron?

A

More tensile strength ductility and impact strength

48
Q

Wrought iron offers very good resistance against?

49
Q

Alloying element in nitriding steels

A

Aluminum 0.95 -1.3%

50
Q

Principal effect of aluminum for steel

A

Alloying element in nitriding steels. Deoxidization

51
Q

Principal effects of bismuth for steel

A

Improves machinability

52
Q

Tool steel category W

A

Water hardening

53
Q

Tool steel category O

A

Oil hardening

54
Q

Tool steel category A

A

Air hardening

55
Q

Tool steel category D

A

Oil or air hardening

56
Q

Tool steel category S

A

Shock resisting

57
Q

Tool steel category H

A

Hot working

58
Q

Tool steel category M

A

High-speed molybdenum

59
Q

Tool steel category T

A

High-speed tungsten

60
Q

Tool steel category L

A

Special purpose

61
Q

Tool steel category From

A

Special purpose

62
Q

Tool steel category P

A

Mold making

63
Q

Effects of alloying carbon on steel

A

Hardness, strength, wear

64
Q

Effects of alloying chromium on steel

A

Corrosion resistance, hardenability

65
Q

Effects of alloying lead on steel

A

Machinability

66
Q

Effects of alloying manganese on steel

A

Strength, hardenability, more response to heat treatment

67
Q

Effects of alloying nickel on steel

A

Toughness, strength

68
Q

Effects of alloying silicon on steel

A

Deoxidization , hardenability

69
Q

Effects of Alloying tungsten on steel

A

High temperature strength, wear

70
Q

Effects of alloying molybdenum on steel

A

High temperature strength, hardenability

71
Q

Effects of alloying sulfur on steel

A

Machinability

72
Q

The effects of alloying titanium on steel

A

Elimination of carbide precipitation

73
Q

Effects of alloying vanadium on steel

A

Fine-grained, toughness

74
Q

Effects of alloying boron to steel

A

Hardenability

75
Q

Effects of alloying copper on steel

A

Corrosion resistance, strength

76
Q

Effects of alloying columbium on steel

A

Elimination of carbide precipitation

77
Q

Effects of alloying phosphorus on steel

78
Q

Effects of alloying tellurium on steel

A

Machinability

79
Q

Effects of alloying cobalt on steel

A

Hardness, wear

80
Q

In steel iron dissolves the carbon, and gray cast-iron the carbon precipitates out as carbon flex in ductile cast-iron the carbon precipitates out as

A

Small round nodules

81
Q

Bloom

A

8” X 8” square or greater in various lengths

82
Q

Billet

A

Less then 8” x 8”

83
Q

Slab

A

2:1 width to thickness ratio, greater than 2” thick

84
Q

Round

A

Circular section of any diameter

85
Q

Austerities

A

Basics steel structure wherein carbon is dissolved in iron at elevated temps

Metallurgy (5 decks)

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