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Esthetics > chapter 5 - Anatomy > Flashcards

chapter 5 - Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

study of the organs and systems of he body

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2
Q

physiology

A

study of the functions of there organs and systems

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3
Q

Gross anatomy

A

study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye

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4
Q

histology

A

study of structures too small to be seen except through a microscope

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5
Q

cells

A

the basic units of life.

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6
Q

protoplasm

A

a colorless gel like substance that contains water, salt and nutrients obtained from food

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7
Q

nucleus

A

control center of cell activities, is vitally important for reproduction

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8
Q

cytoplasm

A

the production department of the cell

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9
Q

organelles

A

perform most of the cell’s activities

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10
Q

cell membrane

A

outer surface of the cell

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11
Q

Mitosis

A

human cells reproduce by dividing in half

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12
Q

metabolism

A

chemical process by which cells receive nutrients for cell growth and reproduction

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13
Q

anabolism

A

the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

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14
Q

catabolism

A

the process of breaking down larger molecules or substances into smaller ones

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15
Q

epithelial

A

tissue covers and protects body surfaces and internal organs

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16
Q

connective tissue

A

supports, protects ad holds the body together

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17
Q

nerve tissue

A

carries messages to and form the brain and coordinates body functions

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18
Q

muscular tissue

A

contracts, when stimulated, to produce motion

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19
Q

liquid tissue

A

carries food, waste products and hormones

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20
Q

liver

A

which removes the toxic by products of digestion

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21
Q

kidneys

A

which eliminate water and waste products

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22
Q

skin

A

the body’s largest organ, which forms the external protective layer of the body

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23
Q

Endocrine

A

controls growth, health and reproduction

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24
Q

integumentary

A

covers and protects the entire body

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25
Q

Skeletal system

A

the physical foundation of the body.

206 bones of different

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26
Q

Osteology

A

is the study of bones

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27
Q

Frontal

A

bone extends from the top of the eyes to top of the head and forms the forehead

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28
Q

Parietal

A

bones form the crown and upper sides of the head

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29
Q

occipital

A

bone forms the back of the skull, indenting above the nape area

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30
Q

temporal

A

bones are located on either side of the head, directly above the ears and below the parietal bones

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31
Q

sphenoid

A

is locate behind the eyes and nose and connects all the bones of the cranium

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32
Q

ethmoid

A

the spongy bone between the eyes that forms part of the nasal cavity

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33
Q

14?

A

that compose the facial skeleton

34
Q

9?

A

affected by facial massage

35
Q

mandible

A

the lower jaw and the largest bone of the facial skeleton

36
Q

maxillae

A

the two bones of the upper jaw

37
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

the seven bones that form the top part of the spinal column, are often lightly massaged during a facial treatment

38
Q

hyoid

A

bone is the U shaped bone referred to as the “adam’s apple” located in the throat.
not connected to any other bone.

39
Q

thorax

A

the bony cage made up of the spine

40
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

spine

41
Q

carpals

A

the eight small bones held together by ligaments to form the wrist or carpus

42
Q

metacarpals

A

the five long, thin bone that form the palm of the hand

43
Q

phalanges

A

the 14 bones that form the digits or fingers.

each finger has three phalanges, while the thumb has only two.

44
Q

Myology

A

the study of the structure, function and diseases of the muscles.

45
Q

inferioris

A

located below or smaller than

46
Q

levator

A

lifts up

47
Q

voluntary or striated

A

muscles respond to conscious commands

48
Q

Involuntary or non-striated

A

muscles respond automatically to control various body functions, including the internal organs

49
Q

cardiac

A

muscle is the muscle of the heart itself and the only muscle of its type in the human body

50
Q

Origin

A

the nonmoving portion of the muscle attached to bones or other fixed muscle

51
Q

belly

A

the term applied to the midsection of the muscle, between the two attached sections

52
Q

insertion

A

the portion of the muscle joined to movable attachments; bones, movable muscles or skin

53
Q

tendons

A

the bands of fibrous tissue that attach the muscle to the bones

54
Q

Ligaments

A

are dense, strong bands of fibrous tissue that connect the bones to each other

55
Q

scalp or epicranium

A

is covered by a broad muscle called the (“epicranius”)

56
Q

frontalis

A

muscle extends from the forehead to the top of the skull

57
Q

auricularis superior

A

muscle is located above the ear

58
Q

corrugator

A

under the eyebrows, controls the eyebrows, drawing them in and downward

59
Q

levator palpebrae uperioris

A

located above the eyelids, opens the eyelid

60
Q

quadratus labii inferioris

A

located below the lower lip, pulls the lower lip down or to the side

61
Q

caninus

A

above the corners of the mouth, raises the angle of the mouth, as in snarling

62
Q

temporalis

A

located above and in front of the ear and opens and closes the jaw

63
Q

platysma

A

extends from the tip of the chin to the shoulders and chest and depresses the lower jaw and lip, as in expressing sadness

64
Q

sternocleido mastoideus

A

extends along the side of the neck from the ear to the collarbone and moves the head from side to side and up and down

65
Q

serratus anterior

A

located under the arm

66
Q

supinator

A

runs parallel to the ulna

67
Q

pronator

A

runs across the front of the lower part of the radius and the ulna

68
Q

extensor radialls

A

located mid forearm, on the outside of the arm

69
Q

circulatory or vascular system

A

controls the circulation of blood and lymph through the body

70
Q

cardiovascular or blood vascular

A

system, including the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries, circulates the blood

71
Q

lymph vascular

A

system circulates lymph through lymph glands, lymph nodes and vessels

72
Q

pericardium

A

heart a fist sized, cone-shaped, muscular organ located in the chest cavity.
entirely encased in a membrane called_______.

73
Q

heartbeat

A

normal heart beats 60-80 per min

74
Q

blood

A

he sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body, bringing nourishment and oxygen to all body parts and carrying toxins and waste products to the liver and kidneys to be eliminated

75
Q

red blood cells

A

erythrocytes.
red corpuscles.
carry oxygen and contains protein called hemoglobin

76
Q

Hemoglobin

A

attracts oxygen molecules through a process known as “oxygenation”

77
Q

white blood cells

A

leucocytes.
white corpuscles.
help protect the body by fighting bacteria

78
Q

blood platelets or thrombocytes

A

begin the process of coagulation, or clotting, when exposed to air or trauma in the skin tissue, such as bruising

79
Q

plasma

A

the fluid part of the blood in which red and white blood cells and blood platelets are suspended.
90%water

80
Q

blood vessels

A

any vessels through which blood circulates in the body

Esthetics (4 decks)

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