Chapter 5

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 2

Producer

Answer 2

Producer: is an organism, either a green plant or bacterium, which is part of the first level of a food chain.

Question 3

Consumer

Answer 3

Consumer science is a social discipline that focuses on the interaction between people and the environment.

Question 4

Decomposer

Answer 4

An organism, often a bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter, making organic nutrients available to the ecosystem.

Question 5

Cellular Respiration

Answer 5

Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine triphosphate, and then release waste products

Question 6

Food Chain

Answer 6

a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food.

Question 7

Food Web

Answer 7

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

Question 8

Trophic level

Answer 8

each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy.

Question 9

Carbon Cycle

Answer 9

the series of processes by which carbon compounds are interconverted in the environment, involving the incorporation of carbon dioxide into living tissue by photosynthesis and its return to the atmosphere through respiration, the decay of dead organisms, and the burning of fossil fuels.

Question 10

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

Answer 10

Nitrogen fixation is a process by which molecular nitrogen in the air is converted into ammonia or related nitrogenous compounds in soil.

Question 11

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer 11

The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmosphere, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems.

Question 12

Phosphorus Cycle

Answer 12

The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

Question 13

Ecological Succession

Answer 13

Ecological succession is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.

Question 14

Primary Succession

Answer 14

Primary succession occurs when new land is formed or bare rock is exposed, providing a habitat that can be colonized for the first time.

Question 15

Secondary Succession

Answer 15

Secondary succession is one of the two types ecological succession of a plants life.

Question 16

Pioneer Species

Answer 16

The pioneer species are hardy species which are the first to colonize barren environments or previously biodiverse steady-state ecosystems that have been disrupted, such as by fire.

Question 17

Climax Community

Answer 17

An ecological community in which populations of plants or animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and their environment.