Chapter 5-9 Flashcards
What phase of the Corrective Exercise Continuum works to stimulate underactive/lengthened myofascial tissue?
Inhibit
Lengthen
Activate
Integrate
Activate
Which of the following represents a contraindication for isolated strengthening?
Pain during movement
Poor core stabilization strength
Diabetes
Older adults
Pain during movement
What tempo is recommended for isolated strengthening exercise?
X/X/X
2/0/2
4/2/1
5/5/5
4/2/1
Which of the following muscles would benefit from isolated strengthening to help reduce synergistic dominance of the biceps femoris during leg curls?
Internal obliques
Gluteus maximus
Medial hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Medial hamstrings
Which phase of the muscle action spectrum is the slowest during corrective exercise?
Eccentric
Amortization
Isometric
Concentric
Eccentric
Activation exercises may not be considered normal but are designed to provide isolated strengthening to specific muscles prior to moving into an integrated movement pattern by placing joints in the best position for which of the following?
Preferential activation
Ideal activation
Isometric activation
Positional isometrics
Preferential activation
According to recent research, which of the following may lead to increased core activation during a plank?
Relaxing the hip musculature
Isometric ankle plantarflexion
Performing a posterior pelvic tilt
Retracting and depressing the shoulder blades
Performing a posterior pelvic tilt
Jared is a beginner client with weight loss goals and several mild movement dysfunctions. During the beginning phases, the repetition range for Jared during resistance training should be which of the following?
Held stable for a prolonged time frame
Low repetition
High repetition
Moderate repetition
High repetition
In which phase of the Corrective Exercise Continuum does activation occur?
First
Third
Fourth
Second
Third
The theoretical basis that attempting to strengthen muscles when joint motion restriction is present will provide less-than-optimal results and limited joint ROM comes in part from which of the following?
Clark’s models
Janda’s syndromes
Kendall’s postures
Mennell’s truisms
Mennell’s truisms
The isometric tempo should last approximately how long?
4 counts
1 count
2 seconds
3 counts
2 seconds
Greatest strength gains take place while the muscle is under resistance during what muscle action in isolation?
Shortening
Perturbating
Stabilizing
Lengthening
Lengthening
The Activation phase primarily focuses on correcting which of the following?
Lengthened muscles
Muscle imbalance
Lack of flexibility
Hypertonic muscles
Lengthened muscles
Isolated strengthening is a technique used to increase what?
Intramuscular coordination
Extensibility
Synergistic dominance
Activation
Intramuscular coordination
The fitness professional uses activations to provide strength to muscles that lack the ability to appropriately eccentrically decelerate unwanted joint actions and do what else?
Concentrically accelerate unwanted movement
Stabilize unwanted movement
Maximize force production
Alleviate joint pain
Stabilize unwanted movement
What type of activations will provide mild stress to muscles, which may be used as part of a recovery day?
Beginner-level activations
Moderate-level activations
Low-level activations
High-level activations
Low-level activations
The concentric tempo should last approximately how long?
4 seconds
2 seconds
3 seconds
1 second
1 second
Jamie demonstrated a posterior pelvic tilt during the overhead squat assessment. Which of the following is an appropriate activation exercise for Jamie?
Abdominal crunch on stability ball
Standing hamstring curl
Wall slides
Standing hip flexor
Standing hip flexor
The combination of enhanced motor unit activation, synchronization, and firing rate is known to increase what at that specific muscle?
Strength
ROM
Intermuscular coordination
Tenacity
Strength
Which phase of the Corrective Exercise Continuum works to re-educate the human movement system back into a functional synergistic movement pattern?
Inhibit
Lengthen
Activate
Integrate
Integrate
True or False? Multijoint exercises in all planes of motion from both bilateral and unilateral stances help increase intermuscular coordination and re-educate the neuromuscular system to maintain proper postural alignment during functional activity.
True
False
True
Which of the following is a precaution for integrated dynamic movement?
Neuromuscular disorders
Acute injury
Muscle tear
Pain
Neuromuscular disorders
How frequently should integrated dynamic movement be performed?
1 to 3 days per week
2 to 4 days per week
3 to 5 days per week
5 to 7 days per week
3 to 5 days per week
Overhead movements, often used in integrated dynamic movements, standing, unilateral and bilateral exercises, help to place increased stress on what other area?
Ipsilateral musculature
Core musculature
Triceps
Lats
Core musculature
Kaden is a 45-year-old office work just beginning a corrective exercise program. What is an example of a total body primer exercise for more advanced programming in the future?
Push up
Ball squat with overhead press
Barbell squat
Seated overhead press
Ball squat with overhead press
In order to obtain neuromuscular efficiency and optimization of human movement, total-body integrated exercises are called on to provide and control which of the following?
Balance
Degrees of freedom
Circumduction
Joint ROM
Degrees of freedom
What should the fitness professional do when they first observe movement compensations during integrated movement in order to allow the athlete to cognitively process proper form?
Decrease the load to require less from the muscles
Stop the exercise
Increase the load to demand more from the muscles
Give verbal cues
Give verbal cues
Integration techniques are used to reeducate the Human Movement System back into what type functional movement pattern?
Cooperative
Length-tension
Force-couple
Synergistic
Synergistic
Which of the following describes the ability of different muscles in the body to work together to allow coordination of global and refined movements?
Total body coordination
Multiplanar coordination
Intermuscular coordination
Intramuscular coordination
Intermuscular coordination
What is the recommended order of progressions when considering planes of motion?
Sagittal > Scapular > Rotational
Frontal > Transverse > Sagittal
Transverse > Sagittal > Frontal
Sagittal > Frontal > Transverse
Sagittal > Frontal > Transverse
Recent research has found which of the following regarding the use of wobble boards, soft mats, and air-filled bladders?
They may decrease joint stiffness.
They may increase motor control.
They are ideal for producing power.
They are ideal for producing strength.
They may increase motor control.
What is the most appropriate verbal cue to use if a client demonstrates knee valgus upon landing?
“Keep your knees directly over your ankles.”
“Keep your knees in line with your second and third toes.”
“Keep your knees behind your toes.”
“Keep your knees out wider than your fifth toe.”
“Keep your knees in line with your second and third toes.”
What is practiced with limited resistance with slow tempos and high repetitions so that the client can modify and rehearse quality movement?
Postural efficiency
Muscular efficiency
Structural efficiency
Movement efficiency
Movement efficiency
Strengthening of one side unilaterally can also increase the strength of which of the following?
Ipsilateral limb
Posteriorly rotated limb
Anteriorly rotated limb
Contralateral limb
Contralateral limb
Which phase of the muscle action spectrum leads to the most muscle damage, inflammation, impaired muscle function, and muscular soreness occurs, providing a good reason to limit the number of sets for the initial exerciser?
Concentric acceleration
The amortization phase
Eccentric deceleration
Isometric stabilization
Eccentric deceleration
What is the prime mover of a specific joint action regardless of concentric or eccentric muscle action?
Protagonist
Antagonist
Agonist
Type II muscle fibers
Agonist
During which phase of the muscle action spectrum are most strength gains developed?
Eccentric deceleration
Concentric acceleration
Isometric stabilization
The amortization phase
Eccentric deceleration
The backbone for the entire corrective exercise process is to first build strong rapport with clients.
True
False
True
Which of the following represents the correct way to talk to clients about corrective exercise during the initial session?
Discuss all the things that are wrong with them that they need to fix.
Use technical jargon, such as compensation, impairment, and dysfunction.
Use common language and create an environment free from judgement.
Focus the conversation on things that the client feels negatively about.
Use common language and create an environment free from judgement.
Which of the following common scenarios is responsible for creating LPHC postural imbalances in a large portion of the greater population?
Occupational stress
Extended periods of sitting
Hypertension
Inadequate sleep
Extended periods of sitting
Which assessment tool should be used first to qualify a new client for an increase in physical activity?
Biometrics
Lifestyle questions
Hydration status
PAR-Q
PAR-Q
True or False? One of the best predictors for the occurrence of future injuries is having been injured in the past.
True
False
True
Which of the following actions are outside the scope of practice for an individual who only has Certified Personal Trainer and Corrective Exercise Specialist credentials?
Select all that apply.
Manual therapy
Exercise prescription
Motivational coaching
Goal setting
Dietary counseling
Manual therapy
Dietary counseling
True or False? Corrective exercise is intended to help clients directly manage issues of acute pain and injury rehabilitation.
True
False
False
What is the most accurate purpose of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)?
It is used to help determine a person’s musculoskeletal structural alignment during a series of movement patterns.
It is used to help determine if a person is ready to undertake an increase in physical activity.
It is used to help determine deficits in joint range of motion and to refine observations made in previous assessments.
It is used to help determine if a person exhibits any compensation in posture while standing still.
It is used to help determine if a person is ready to undertake an increase in physical activity.
“Do you have any stressors in your personal life?” is an example of a question assessing this client aspect?
Recreation
Lifestyle
Hobbies
Occupation
Lifestyle
Which statement most accurately describes the potential impact a previous low-back injury could have on a client?
Improved lumbar mobility
Reduced proprioception
Herniated disk
No direct impact
Reduced proprioception
Which items should be considered when assessing the lifestyle of a client?
Recreation or hobbies
Medical history and past surgeries
Pattern overload and repetitive movements
Occupation and stress
Recreation or hobbies
In which component of a client intake screen would the question, “Do you feel like your work day is mentally stressful?” be most appropriate to ask?
Lifestyle
Occupation
Biometrics
Medical history
Occupation
Which statement most accurately defines the use of terminology such as compensation, impairment, and dysfunction when communicating with a client?
The terms should be used openly.
Should be used only outside of the gym.
The terms should be avoided.
The terms should be used during goal setting.
The terms should be avoided.
A client states he has a sharp pain in his right knee when he is completing his exercises. What should the Corrective Exercise Specialist do to ensure the client’s safety?
Suggest supplements for the client to take for these issues.
Refer them to a qualified medical professional.
Modify activity for the day and continue as normal for the next session.
Continue the session as normal.
Refer them to a qualified medical professional.
It is recommended that adults sleep how many hours a night?
8 to 10 hours
8 to 9 hours
6 to 8 hours
10 to 11 hours
8 to 9 hours
Which of the following is a sign or symptom that would immediately require a fitness professional to stop activity and refer a client to the appropriate medical professional?
A hunched over posture
Difficulty performing a deep squat
A painful, swollen joint
Chronic knee instability
A painful, swollen joint
A client answered YES to the medical history question, “Has your doctor ever said you have a heart condition or high blood pressure?” How should the fitness professional react to stay within a Corrective Exercise Specialist’s scope of practice?
Make recommendations about how the client can reduce stress in their life.
Make nutrition recommendations to help lower their blood pressure.
Require the client to get clearance from their doctor before beginning an exercise program.
Begin the client’s movement assessment process.
Require the client to get clearance from their doctor before beginning an exercise program.
What assessment collects valuable subjective information and identifies “red flags” that may be the first glimpse at potential movement impairments?
Mobility Assessment
Client Intake Screen
Static Posture Assessment
Overhead Squat Assessment
Client Intake Screen
Which of the following mental health topics is likely within a fitness professional’s scope of practice to discuss with a client?
Occupational stress
Confused thinking
Substance abuse
Excessive worrying
Occupational stress
What component of the initial session is essential for developing a long-lasting relationship with clients?
Biometrics
Goal setting
PAR-Q+
Rapport building
Rapport building
This region of the body is most likely impacted by sitting most of the day?
Knee
Ankle
LPHC
Shoulder
LPHC
While conducting a client intake screen, Sherry noticed that her client has reported feeling sad, low energy, and irritable and has had a significant change in her nutrition habits. What is the most appropriate action for Sherry to take next?
Refer the client to a licensed mental health professional.
Make recommendations as to how to improve her mental health.
Write a detailed nutrition plan for Sherry.
Recommend medications and supplements to help Sherry feel better.
Refer the client to a licensed mental health professional.
What three words are often known to fitness professionals but may not be the best to use with clients when communicating regarding the corrective exercise process?
Function, mobility, and comfort
Rapport, empathy, and understanding
Assessment, movement, and mobility
Compensation, impairment, and dysfunction
Compensation, impairment, and dysfunction
“Do you feel energized throughout the day and prior to activities?” is a question that would be found in what section of the client intake screen?
PAR-Q+
Lifestyle
Occupation
Medical history
Lifestyle
A new client says they work as a computer programmer. What is the primary consideration in designing their corrective exercise program?
Inadequate sleep at night
Increased risk of reinjury
High blood pressure
Extended periods of sitting
Extended periods of sitting
Which of the following statements most accurately provides an example of a SMART goal?
To increase 5k run time by 5 minutes, in 10 weeks, by training distance running and sprints 4 days per week.
To win a race at the end of the year by working as much as possible with a fitness professional.
To increase marathon run time by 1 hour in 3 weeks by running on the treadmill 2 days per week.
To increase 10k run time by 10 minutes by running every day on a treadmill.
To increase 5k run time by 5 minutes, in 10 weeks, by training distance running and sprints 4 days per week.
Why is wearing high heels daily a consideration for potential postural dysfunction?
It signifies the potential for hypertension.
It leads to high levels of occupational stress.
It puts the ankles in chronic plantarflexion.
It reduces sleep quality and quantity.
It puts the ankles in chronic plantarflexion.
Which of the following statements describes the easiest method to assess one’s hydration status?
Calculate daily calories
Observe urine color
Get medically tested
Measure the sweat rate
Observe urine color
During which part of the initial session would a fitness professional discuss a client’s desire to win a 10km race next spring?
Goal setting
Static Posture Assessment
Client Intake Screen
PAR-Q+
Goal setting
What are the key components of the Cumulative Injury Cycle?
Adhesion, dysfunction, and surgery
Tissue trauma, inflammation, muscle spasms, and adhesions
Synergistic dominance and movement impairments
Muscle spasms, compensation, and injury
Tissue trauma, inflammation, muscle spasms, and adhesions
What is the long-term impact that repeated heavy lifting can have on the kinetic chain?
Synergistic dominance
Shoulder impingement
Overpronation of the feet
Breathing Pattern Dysfunction
Synergistic dominance
Which of the following statements accurately describes the effects of poor hydration levels on performance and movement?
It makes high-intensity activities easier to perform.
It causes a decrease in performance and overall health.
Electrolytes work better when the body is slightly dehydrated.
Poor hydration will make movements rapid and twitchy.
It causes a decrease in performance and overall health.
Knee injuries can cause a decrease in neural control to muscles that stabilize which two joints?
Sacroiliac and acetabulofemoral
Talocrural and subtalar
Glenohumeral and radioulnar
Patellofemoral and tibiofemoral
Patellofemoral and tibiofemoral
Which of the following muscles are commonly overactive/shortened for many people?
Select all that apply.
Pectoralis minor
Lower trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Psoas
Gastrocnemius
Gluteus maximus
Pectoralis minor
Latissimus dorsi
Psoas
Gastrocnemius
What checkpoints should a Corrective Exercise Specialist focus on observing during a static postural assessment?
Select all that apply.
Foot and ankle
Ankles and shins
Knee
Lower back
LPHC
Shoulders and thoracic spine
Head and cervical spine
Foot and ankle
Knee
LPHC
Shoulders and thoracic spine
Head and cervical spine
True or False? To get the most optimal observations of a client’s static posture, it is best that they keep their athletic shoes on.
True
False
False
Which of Kendall’s posture types is characterized by excessive thoracic kyphosis and a posterior pelvic tilt that causes reduced lumbar lordosis?
Lordotic posture
Flat-back posture
Sway-back posture
Kyphosis-lordosis posture
Sway-back posture
Which common postural distortion pattern is characterized by a combination of flat feet, knee valgus, and an anterior pelvic tilt?
Kyphosis-lordisis posture
Upper Crossed Syndrome
Flat-back posture
Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome
Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome
What are common overactive/shortened muscles in the upper body?
Rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius
Middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids, serratus anterior, and deep cervical neck flexors
Cervical extensors, pectorals, upper trapezius, and levator scapula
Quadratus lumborum, piriformis, psoas, and soleus
Cervical extensors, pectorals, upper trapezius, and levator scapula
Which are the four dysfunctional spinal postures identified by Kendall?
Upper Crossed Syndrome, Lower Crossed Syndrome, and kyphosis-lordosis
Kyphosis-lordosis, Layered Crossed Syndrome, and text neck
Lordotic, flat-back, sway-back, and kyphosis-lordosis
Sway-back, lordotic, and Upper Crossed Syndrome
Lordotic, flat-back, sway-back, and kyphosis-lordosis
The Kendall kyphosis-lordosis posture presents with which of the following static positions in the lower body?
Posterior tilted pelvis, decreased lumbar lordosis, extended knees, and dorsiflexed ankles
Excessive lumbar lordosis, anterior tilted pelvis, flexed hips, and flexed/hyperextended knees
Decreased lumbar lordosis, extended hips, extended knees, and dorsiflexed ankles
Lateral thoracic shift, decreased lumbar lordosis, posterior pelvic tilt, and extended knees
Excessive lumbar lordosis, anterior tilted pelvis, flexed hips, and flexed/hyperextended knees
Which issue can occur following an acute injury that leads to altered posture and movement patterns?
Chronic muscle imbalances
Corrective exercises become painful to perform
Decreased total body strength
Overlengthened tendons and ligaments
Chronic muscle imbalances
Which lower-body muscles are commonly overactive in Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome?
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings, abdominals, internal obliques, and vastus lateralis
Abdominals, internal obliques, gluteus minimus and maximus, and tensor fascia lata
Adductors, iliopsoas, peroneals, gastrocnemius, and soleus
Hamstrings, gluteus maximus, medius, abdominals, and external obliques
Adductors, iliopsoas, peroneals, gastrocnemius, and soleus
The Kendall sway-back posture presents with which of the following static positions in the upper body?
Forward head, extended cervical spine, and excessive thoracic kyphosis
Neutral head, extended lumbar spine, and lateral thoracic shift
Neutral head, neutral cervical spine, and flat thoracic spine
Tilted head, flexed cervical spine, and flat upper thoracic spine
Forward head, extended cervical spine, and excessive thoracic kyphosis
Which upper-body muscles are commonly overactive in the Kendall sway-back posture?
Upper trapezius, levator scapulae, pectoralis minor, and intercostals
Middle trapezius, biceps, forearm flexors, and lower trapezius
Rhomboids, scalenes, biceps, and triceps
Middle trapezius, rhomboids, deltoids, and biceps
Upper trapezius, levator scapulae, pectoralis minor, and intercostals
Which lower-body muscles are commonly overactive in the Kendall sway-back posture?
Intercostals, abdominals, internal obliques, and hip extensors
Gluteus maximus, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominis
Gluteus medius, adductors, and quadriceps
Lumbar extensors, hip flexors, quads, and adductors
Intercostals, abdominals, internal obliques, and hip extensors
Which lower-body muscles are commonly overactive in the Kendall kyphosis-lordosis posture?
Internal obliques, hip flexors, and lumbar extensors
Quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteus maximus
Abdominals, gluteus maximus, medius, and hip extensors
Hip extensors, tibialis posterior, and gluteus minimus
Internal obliques, hip flexors, and lumbar extensors
Which upper-body muscles are commonly overactive in the Kendall flat-back posture?
Middle trapezius, rhomboids, deltoids, and biceps
Middle trapezius, biceps, forearm flexors, and lower trapezius
Rhomboids, scalenes, biceps, and triceps
Pectoralis minor, shoulder adductors, upper trapezius, and levator scapulae
Pectoralis minor, shoulder adductors, upper trapezius, and levator scapulae
Which of the following are considered transitional movement assessments?
Select all that apply.
Overhead squat
Single-leg squat
Davies test
Depth jump
Overhead squat
Single-leg squat
What is the primary intention behind learning how to perform loaded movement assessments?
To use them with all clients during all assessment sessions.
To see how the body performs the primary movement patterns with additional resistance.
To assess a client’s maximal strength and athletic performance.
To observe a client’s dynamic posture in a real-world scenario.
To see how the body performs the primary movement patterns with additional resistance.
How deep should a client be instructed to squat to during the Overhead Squat Assessment?
Femur parallel to the ground
As deep as is possible
Quarter squat depth
Olympic deep-catch position
Femur parallel to the ground
Which movement impairments should the Corrective Exercise Specialist look for when observing a loaded squat from the anterior viewpoint?
Select all that apply.
Feet turn out
Knee valgus or varus
Heel rise
Asymmetric weight shift
Feet turn out
Knee valgus or varus
Asymmetric weight shift
Which movement impairments are best observed using the loaded push and pull assessments?
Select all that apply.
Knee valgus
Arms fall forward
Scapular elevation
Excessive cervical extension
Scapular elevation
Excessive cervical extension
Which loaded primary movement pattern exercise is best to use to see if a client has the arms fall forward movement compensation?
Goblet squat
Standing overhead dumbbell press
Cable chest press
Standing tubing row
Standing overhead dumbbell press
Which of the following statements is true regarding the depth jump assessment?
Select all that apply.
Use it with advanced clients as a progression to the OHSA.
Observe the assessment from the posterior viewpoint.
Focus on the jump more than the landing.
It is a predictor of repeat ACL injuries in clients who exhibit knee valgus.
Do not perform it until transitional assessments are relatively impairment-free.
Use it with advanced clients as a progression to the OHSA.
It is a predictor of repeat ACL injuries in clients who exhibit knee valgus.
Do not perform it until transitional assessments are relatively impairment-free.
Which movement impairment is characterized by an upright trunk and more knee flexion excursion than hip flexion excursion?
Knee valgus
Knee varus
Excessive anterior pelvic tilt
Knee dominance
Knee dominance
Which muscle would be considered overactive/shortened, leading to scapular winging during the Davies test?
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Lower trapezius
Infraspinatus
Pectoralis minor
Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to knee dominance during the split squat assessment?
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Quadriceps complex
Adductor complex
Gluteus maximus
Which of the following movement assessments would assess plyometric capabilities of the upper extremities?
Overhead squat
Depth jump
Davies test
Single-leg squat
Davies test
Which view allows for the optimal assessment of frontal plane movements (adduction and abduction)?
Posterior
Lateral
Anterior
Top
Anterior
Which movement assessment mimics movements associated with a walking and running gait and would be considered a regression from the single-leg squat assessment?
Split squat
Davies test
Depth jump
Overhead squat
Split squat
Which category of movement assessments includes the Davies test?
Transitional
Loaded
Dynamic
Static
Dynamic
Which muscle would be considered overactive/shortened, leading to the arms falling forward during the overhead squat assessment?
Lower trapezius
Serratus anterior
Infraspinatus
Latissimus dorsi
Latissimus dorsi
Which movement assessment utilizes dumbbells to assess a vertical pushing movement?
Standing push assessment
Davies test
Standing overhead press
Standing pull assessment
Standing overhead press
What compensatory movements create an excessive anterior pelvic tilt?
An upright trunk and knees in front of toes.
The pelvis rolling forward and lumbar extension.
The hip shifting toward one side or the other.
The knees bowing inward.
The pelvis rolling forward and lumbar extension.
For which movement impairment would one see the knees bow outward?
Excessive anterior pelvic tilt
Knee valgus
Knee dominance
Knee varus
Knee varus
Which movement assessment is considered the best assessment of an individual’s balance?
Davies test
Standing overhead dumbbell press
Overhead squat
Single-leg squat
Single-leg squat
Which muscle would be considered overactive/shortened, leading to a heel rise during the overhead squat assessment?
Gluteus maximus
Fibularis (peroneal) complex
Anterior tibialis
Quadriceps complex
Quadriceps complex
Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to the arms falling forward during the overhead squat assessment?
Cervical extensors
Upper trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Lower trapezius
Lower trapezius
Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to scapular winging during the Davies test?
Cervical extensors
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Serratus anterior
Which muscle would be considered overactive/shortened, leading to scapular elevation during a loaded pulling movement?
Infraspinatus
Latissimus dorsi
Upper trapezius
Lower trapezius
Upper trapezius
Which category of movement assessments includes gait assessments?
Transitional
Loaded
Dynamic
Static
Dynamic
What dysfunctional movement is observed during scapular elevation?
The shoulders moving upward toward the ears.
The trunk leaning forward.
The scapula protruding excessively from the back.
The arms falling forward.
The shoulders moving upward toward the ears.
Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to excessive pronation during the overhead squat assessment?
Peroneals complex
Hamstrings complex
TFL
Posterior tibialis
Posterior tibialis
For which movement impairment would one see the arch of the foot collapse or malalignment of the Achilles tendon?
Excessive pronation
Heel raise
Asymmetrical weight shift
Feet turn out
Excessive pronation
What compensatory movements create an excessive posterior pelvic tilt?
The pelvis rolling backward and lumbar flexion.
The knees bowing outward.
The pelvis rolling forward and lumbar extension.
An upright trunk and knees in front of toes.
The pelvis rolling backward and lumbar flexion.
Which category of movement assessments includes the split squat?
Loaded
Transitional
Dynamic
Static
Transitional
What type of muscle contractions are common during the jumping phase of the depth jump?
Concentric
Isokinetic
Isometric
Eccentric
Concentric
Which type of movement assessment should always be performed first?
Loaded
Transitional
Dynamic
Static
Transitional
Which category of movement assessments includes the overhead squat?
Dynamic
Transitional
Static
Loaded
Transitional
