Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ million people are killed annually incur crashes around the world.

A

1.3

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2
Q

_________ is the branch of mechanics that deal with the motion ob objects without reference to the forces that cause the motion.

A

Kinematics

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3
Q

The _______ phase includes all of the evens that preceded the incident.

A

pre-event

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4
Q

The _____ phase begins at the time of impact between one moving object and a second object.

A

event

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5
Q

The _______ event phase begins as soon as the energy from the crash is absorbed.

A

post-event

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6
Q

Netwon’s _________ law of motion states that a body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in noting unless acted on by an outside force.

A

1st

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7
Q

Newton’s _____ law of motion states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be changed in form.

A

2nd

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8
Q

Newton’s ______ law of motion that’s that for every action or force there is an equal and opposite reaction.

A

3rd

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9
Q

_______ is a function of an object’s mass and velocity.

A

Kinetic Energy

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10
Q

______ is required to put a structure into motion.

A

Force

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11
Q

If the force is spread out over a larger area and the skin is not penetrated, then it fits the description of ________ trauma.

A

blunt

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12
Q

A ________ is caused by the stretching of the tissues that occurs at the time of impact.

A

temporary cavity

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13
Q

A _________ is left after the temporary cavity collapses and is the visible part of the tissue destruction.

A

permanent cavity

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14
Q

The amount of the temporary cavity that remains as a permanent cavity is related to the _______ of the tissue involved.

A

elasticity

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15
Q

In blunt trauma, two forces are involved in the impact - _______ and __________.

A

shear compression

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16
Q

_______ is the result of one organ or structure changing speed faster than another organ or structure.

A

Shear

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17
Q

__________ is the result of an organ or structure being directly squeezed between other organs or structures.

A

Compression

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18
Q

MVC’s cane divided into the following types: (5)

A
Frontal
Rear
Lateral
Rollover
Rotational
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19
Q

_____% of occupants who were totally ejected from a vehicle were killed.

20
Q

1 in 13 ejection victims sustained a _________.

A

spine fracture

21
Q

“_________” pelvic fractures are a common result of the interaction between the rider’s pelvis and the handlebars.

22
Q

Failure house helmets has been shown to increase head injuries by more than _____%.

23
Q

If the _______ of the ribs is exceeded, fractures ribs and a flail chest can develop.

A

tensile strength

24
Q

Another type of injury that often occurs during deceleration is laceration of the liver caused by its impact with the ____________.

A

ligamentum teres

25
Approximately 10% of patients with _______ fractures also have genitourinary injury.
pelvic
26
______ describes an object's initial size and whether that size changes at the time of impact.
Profile
27
_______ describes whether the object turns over and over and assumes a different angle inside the body than the angle it assumed as it entered the body
Tumble
28
_____ describes whether the object breaks up to produce multiple parts or rubble, and therefore, more drag and more energy exchange.
Fragmentation
29
The size of the frontal surface area of a projectile is influenced by three factors:
profile tumble fragmentation
30
_____ energy weapons include hand-driven weapons such as a knife or an ice pick.
Low
31
______ energy weapons include handguns and some rifles whose muzzle velocity is 1000 ft/sec.
medium
32
The temporary cavity created by a medium energy weapon is ____ times the caliber of the bullet.
3 - 5
33
____ energy weapons have a muzzle velocity in excess of 2000 ft/sec.
high
34
High energy weapons create a temporary cavity ____ times or greater the caliber of the bullet.
25
35
The exit wound is usually a _______ wound.
stellate
36
Only ___% of knife wounds penetrating the abdominal cavity require surgical exploration to repair damage.
30
37
A medium energy injury is more damaging; ____ require surgical repair.
85 - 95%
38
Handguns and rifles predominately use ____ on the inside of the barrel to spin a single missile in a flight patters toward the target.
rifling
39
Devices known as ______ or _____ can be attached to the end of a shotgun barrel to shape and form the column of missiles into specific patterns.
chokes | diverters
40
The average shotgun shell is loaded with _____ ounces of shot.
1 - 1.5
41
An average birdshot shell may contain ____ pellets.
200 - 2000
42
A buckshot shell may contain only ______ pellets.
6 - 20
43
_____ can travel at greater than 16,4000 ft/second.
Blast waves
44
The most common form of primary blast injury is ________.
tympanic membrane rupture
45
Tympanic membrane rupture may occur at pressures as low as ______.
5 PSI