Chapter 17 Flashcards
Middle Age
50 - 64 years old
Late Age
65 - 79 years old
Older Age
80 years and older
Mortality increased in ages 45 to 55 years old and _______ by age 85 years.
doubled
Aging, or _______, is a natural biologic process and is sometimes referred to as a process of “biological reversal”
senescence
The body gradually loses its ability to maintain ________, and viability declines over a period of years until death occurs.
homeostasis
Seniors presently consume more than _____ of health care resources in the United States.
one-third
Absence of teeth
edentulism
The alveolar surface area in the lungs decreases with age; it is estimated to decrease by ____% for each decade after 3o years if age.
4
Diseases of the ___________ system are the primary cause of death in the elderly population.
cardiovascular
Among patients over 75 years of age, as many as ____% will have some degree of overt congestive heart failure.
10
__________ is a narrowing of the blood vessels, a condition in which the inner layer of the artery wall thickens as fatty deposits build up within the artery.
Atherosclerosis
The weight of the brain reaches its peak at approximately ____ years of age.
20
Overall, approximately ____% of elderly persons have hearing impairment, and approximately ____% have visual impairment.
28
13
universal farsightedness
presbyopia
Milky lens that blocks and distorts light that enters the eye and blurs vision
cataract
______ is usually caused by the loss of conduction of sound into the inner ear.
Prebycusis
The loss of bone (_____________) is unequal among the genders.
osteoporosis
Bone loss is more rapid in women and accelerates after __________.
Menopause
Some degree of ___________ is universal with aging.
osteoporosis
The narrowing of the spinal canal is called _________.
spinal stenosis
Loss of _________, which produce oil, makes the skin dry and flaky.
sebaceous glands
______ are the leading cause of trauma death and disability in those over 75 years of age.
Falls
Approximately _____ of community-dwelling people over 65 years of age fall each year.
one-third
An elderly patient is ____ times more likely to be fatally injured in a MVA than a younger driver.
5
More than ____% of all elderly pedestrian fatalities occur near a crosswalk.
45
The brain has undergone a ____% reduction in mass by 70 years of age.
10
Delayed ________ is common in the elderly because of less efficient circulation.
capillary refill time
Thermoregulatory problems are related to an imbalance of ____________.
electrolytes
______ may account for a patient’s absolute or relative bradycardia.
beta blockers
_______ may prevent peripheral vasoconstriction and accelerate hypovolemic shock.
calcium channel blockers
_______ may contribute to platelet dysfunction and increase bleeding.
NSAIDs
________ should be left in place to maintain a better seal around the mouth with a BVM.
Dentures
a state of drowsiness
somnolence
