Chapter 5

Question 1

6 functions of skeleton

Answer 1

• support
• movement
• protection
• storage of minerals
• storage of fat
• blood cell production

Question 2

how many bones in the human body

Answer 2

206

Question 3

Most bones contain both _______ and ______ bone

Answer 3

compact; spongy

Question 4

compact bone

Answer 4

• dense
• covered by periosteum
• yellow marrow

Question 5

spongy bone

Answer 5

• lattice like structure

- red marrow

Question 6

osteocytes

Answer 6

bone cell

Question 7

Bones solid matrix makes it both ____ and ______.

Answer 7

hard and resilient

Question 8

The hardness of the matrix comes from ______ ___.

Answer 8

mineral salts (calcium and phosphorus)

Question 9

The resilience comes from strands of strong _____ ____.

Answer 9

elastic protein (collagen)

Question 10

osteoblasts

Answer 10

• bone forming cells

- create matrix by secreting proteins and then depositing calcium salts on it

Question 11

Through development ________ is gradually replaced by ____.

Answer 11

cartilage; bone

Question 12

fibroblasts

Answer 12

secrete collagen fibers that form a callus

connective tissue cells that grow inward from the periosteum

Question 13

Bone remodeling

Answer 13

renews bone, regulates mineral levels

keeps bone strong by repairing tiny cracks

Question 14

osteoclasts

Answer 14

breaks down bone releasing calcium and other minerals that are reabsorbed by the body

Question 15

PTH

Answer 15

parathyroid hormone stimulates osteoclasts

Question 16

calcitonin

Answer 16

stimulates osteoblasts

Question 17

osteoporosis

Answer 17

disease with progress loss in bone density

bone remodeling problem

Question 18

estrogen

Answer 18

aids in remodeling process

Question 19

vitamin D

Answer 19

needed for calcium absorption

Question 20

bone repair

Answer 20

• bleeding (clotting)
• fibroblasts
• secretion of cartilage
• cartilage -> bone

Question 21

skeleton can be divided into two parts:

Answer 21

axial and appendicular

Question 22

face

Answer 22

14 bones

Question 23

rib

Answer 23

12 pairs

Question 24

vertebral column

Answer 24

26 bones