Chapter 5 Flashcards
What is in a main cellular structure?
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm (inside organelles)
Nucleus
Plasma membrane functions
Boundary of cell
Self identification
Receptor sites
Functional characteristics of ribosomes
Protein synthesis
Production of ATP occurs within which organelle?
Mitochondria
Production of ATP occurs within which organelle?
Golgi apparatus
In nondividing cells DNA appears as threads that are referred to a
Chromotin
The nucleolus is composed chiefly of:
rRNA
The plasma membrane can be described as a triple layer of phospholipid molecules.
T/F
False
The process by which cells translate the signal received by a membrane receptor into a specific chemical change in the cell is called signal transportation .
T/F
True
Each and every cell always has one nucleus.
T/F
False
Generally, the more active a cell is, the more mitochondria it will contain.
T/F
True
Membranous bags that temporarily contain molecules for transport or later use are known as peroxisomes.
T/F
False
forms ribosomes
nucleolus
separates the cell from its environment
plasma membrane
acts as the cell’s “digestive system”
lysosome
acts as a “protein factory”
ribosome
contains organelles
Cytoplasm
contains DNA
Nucleus
act as “power plants” of the cell
Mitochondria
classified as both smooth and rough
Endoplasmic reticulum
________________________ is the cell’s internal supporting framework.
Cytoskeleton
_________________________ are the smallest cell fibers.
Microfilaments
The thickest of the cell fibers are tiny, hollow tubes called _______________________.
Microtubules
The __________________________ is an area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus that coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell.
Centrosome
_________________, __________________, and ____________________ are cell extensions that appear on certain types of cells.
Microvilli, cilia, flagella
When membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes connect to others, the formation is known as __________________ _______________________.
Gap Junctions
____________________________ hold skin together.
Desmosomes
Brian is a sedentary, overweight cigarette smoker who has chest pain whenever he exerts himself. Upon examination, his cardiologist determines that Brian is suffering from heart disease. Which receptors in the cells that line the blood vessels of his heart are responsible? What type of cholesterol is responsible?
What other diseases may he be at risk for?
a) CD36 (b) LDL (c) stroke, diabetes, cancer, muscular dystrophy
After several weeks of exercising in the weight room, Valerie notices that she has not only become stronger, but quite muscular as well. Which organelle has increased its density in the cytoplasm of the cells of her muscles in response to a greater demand for ATP production?
Mitochondria
Which of the following cellular extensions are required when absorption is important?
microvilli
Movement of the ovum within the female reproductive tract is largely as a result of:
the cilia lining the uterine tubes.
Skin cells are held tightly together by:
desmosomes
Ribosomes are attached to:
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
The phospholipid area of the plasma membrane of a cell is:
bilayered
detect changes in the environment
nerve cells
contract for movement
muscle cells
transport oxygen
red blood cells
release hormones
Gland cells
destroy bacteria
Immune cells
A typical, or ___________________________, cell exhibits the most important characteristics of cell types.
Composite
________________________________ is the term meaning “water-loving.”
Hydrophilic
________________________________ is the process that allows a message to be carried across a membrane.
Signal transduction
__________________________________ detoxify harmful substances that enter cells.
Peroxisomes
The _______________________________ is one of the largest cell structures and occupies the central portion of the cell.
Nucleus
Embedded within the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane are a variety of __________ ___________ ___________.
Integral membrane protein
Peroxisomes are small membranous sacs containing enzymes that detoxify harmful substances that enter the cell.
T/F
True
Dynein, myosin, and kinesin are examples of proteasomes.
T/F
False
Microfilaments serve as “cellular muscles.”
T/F
True
All cells contain thousands of ribosomes.
T/F
True
