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Psychology 120 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

how things seem to the conscious person

A

Phenomenology

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2
Q

the fundamental difficulty we have in perceiving the consciousness of others

A

Problem of Other Minds

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3
Q

people that are not conscious but seem as if they are

A

Zombies

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4
Q

People Judge Minds According to These Two abilities

A

Experience

Agency

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5
Q

people with little experience and agency

A

Dead

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6
Q

people with experiences but little agency

A

Babies

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7
Q

people with experience and agency

A

Adult Humans

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8
Q

people with agency but little experiences

A

robots, God

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9
Q

the issue of how the mind is related to the brain and body

A

Mind-body Problem

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10
Q

Four Basic Properties of Consciousness

A

Intentionality
Unity
Selectivity
Transience

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11
Q

a property of consciousness; the quality of being directed toward an object

A

Intentionality

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12
Q

a property of consciousness; the resistance to division; the ability to integrate information from all of the body’s senses into one coherent whole

A

Unity

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13
Q

a property of consciousness; the capacity to include some objects but not others; works to tune in other information

A

Selectivity

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14
Q

people wearing headphones hear different messages in ear ear

A

Dichotic Listening

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15
Q

people tune in one message even while they filter out others nearby

A

Cocktail Party Phenomenon

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16
Q

a property of consciousness; the tendency to change

A

Transience

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17
Q

3 Levels of Consciousness

A

Minimal Consciousness
Full Consciousness
Self-Consciousness

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18
Q

a level of consciousness; a low-level kind of sensory awareness and responsiveness that occurs when the mind inputs sensations and output behaviour

A

Minimal Consciousness

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19
Q

a level of consciousness; knowing and are able to report your mental state

A

Full Consciousness

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20
Q

a level of consciousness; a distinct level in which the person’s attention is drawn to the self as an object

A

Self-Consciousness

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21
Q

the patient isn’t able to demonstrate full consciousness or self-consciousness

A

Disorder of Consciousness

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22
Q

a state of consciousness in which a seemingly purposeless flow of thoughts comes to mind

A

Daydreaming

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23
Q

when people that aren’t busy show a widespread pattern of activation in many areas of the brain

A

Default Network

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24
Q

the attempt to change conscious states of mind

A

Mental Control

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25
Q

the conscious avoidance of a thought

A

Thought Suppression

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26
Q

the tendency to a though to return to consciousness with greater frequency following suppression

A

Rebound Effect of Thought Suppression

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27
Q

a theory where ironic errors occur because the mental process that monitors errors can itself produce them

A

Ironic Processes of Mental Control

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28
Q

an active system encompassing a lifetime of hidden memories, the parson’s deepest instincts and desires, and the person’s inner struggle to control these forces; described by Sigmund Freud

A

Dynamic Unconscious

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29
Q

a mental process that removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness and keeps them in the unconscious

A

Repression

30
Q

when the unconscious mind makes speech errors and lapses of consciousness

A

Freudian Slips

31
Q

all the mental processes that give rise to a person’s thoughts, choices, emotions, and behaviour even though they are not experienced by the person.

A

Cognitive Unconsciousness

32
Q

a modern view that suggests we have two different systems in our brains for processing information: one dedicated to fast, automatic and unconscious processing (System 1), and the other to slow, effortful, conscious processing (System 2).

A

Dual-process Theories

33
Q

thought or behaviour is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report perceiving (System 1)

A

Subliminal Perception

34
Q

a form of experience that departs significantly from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind

A

Altered State of Consciousness

35
Q

a pre-sleep consciousness

A

Hypnagogic State

36
Q

a sudden quiver or sensation of dropping

A

Hypnic Jerk

37
Q

a post-sleep consciousness

A

Hypnopompic State

38
Q

a naturally occurring 24 hour cycle

A

Circadian Rhythm

39
Q

a stage of sleep where the EEG moves to frequency patterns even lower that alpha waves (theta waves)

A

Stage 1

40
Q

a stage of sleep where patterns are interrupted by short busts of activity; sleep spindles, K complexes; sleeper becomes more difficult to awaken

A

Stage 2

41
Q

slow-wave sleep, EEG patterns show activity called delta waves; one of the deepest stages of sleep

A

Stages 3 and 4

42
Q

a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and high levels of brain activity

A

Stage 5/REM Sleep

43
Q

an instrument that measures eye movement

A

Electrooculography (EOG)

44
Q

most dreams occur in this stage of sleep

A

REM

45
Q

a sleep disorder; difficulty falling or staying asleep; can be self-induced, secondary (response to a condition), or primary (no obvious factors).

A

Insomnia

46
Q

a sleep disorder; the person stops breathing for brief periods while asleep; typically snores due to obstruction of the breathing passage

A

Sleep Apnea

47
Q

a sleep disorder; sleepwalking; occurs early in the night

A

Somnambulism

48
Q

a sleep disorder; sudden sleep attacks occur in the middle of waking activities

A

Narcolepsy

49
Q

a sleep disorder; the experience of waking up unable to move

A

Sleep Paralysis

50
Q

a sleep disorder; abrupt awakenings with panic and intense emotional arousal

A

Night/Sleep Terrors

51
Q

5 Characteristics of Dream Consciousness that Distinguish It from the Waking State

A

1) We intensely feel emotion
2) Dream thought is illogical
3) Sensation is fully formed and meaningful
4) Dreaming occurs with uncritical acceptance
5) We have difficulty remembering the dream after it’s over

52
Q

a dream’s apparent topic or superficial meaning

A

Manifest Content

53
Q

a dream’s true underlying meaning

A

Latent Content

54
Q

dreams are produced when the brain attempts to make sense of random neural activity that occurs during sleep

A

Activation Synthesis Model

55
Q

chemicals that influence consciousness or behaviour by altering the brain’s chemical message system

A

Psychoactive Drugs

56
Q

Common Neurotransmitters

A

Serotonin
Dopamine
GABA
Acetylcholine

57
Q

Dangers of Addiction

A

Drug tolerance
Physical dependence
Psychological dependence

58
Q

substances that reduce the activity of the Central Nervous System

A

Depressants

59
Q

alcohol effects can be produced by people’s expectations of how alcohol will influence them in particular situations

A

Expectancy Theory

60
Q

alcohol hampers attention, leading people to respond in simple ways to complex situations

A

Alcohol Myopia

61
Q

most common depresant

A

Alcohol

62
Q

types of depressants

A

Alcohol
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Toxic Inhalants

63
Q

substances that excite the CNS, heightening arousal and activity levels

A

Stimulants

64
Q

types of stimulants

A 
Caffeine
Amphetamines
Nicotine
Cocaine
Ecstasy
65
Q

highly addictive drugs derived from opium that relieve pain

A

Narcotic (opiates)

66
Q

drugs that alter sensation and perception, often cause visual and auditory hallucinations

A

Hallucinogens

67
Q

types of hallucinogens

A 
LSD
mescaline
Psilocybin
PCP
Ketamine
"Shrooms"
68
Q

a plant whose leaves and buds contain a psychoactive drug called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

A

Marijuana (cannabis)

69
Q

a drug whose use increases the risk of subsequent use of more harmful drugs

A

Gateway Drug

70
Q

a social interaction in which one person makes suggestions that lead to a change in another person’s subjective experience of the world

A

Hypnosis

71
Q

the failure to retrieve memories following hypnotic suggestions to forget

A

Posthypnotic Amnesia

72
Q

the reduction of pain through hypnosis in people who are susceptible to hypnosis

A

Hypnotic Analgesia

Psychology 120 (4 decks)

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