Chapter 5 Flashcards
Macronutrients
The body needs these in large amounts: Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Water
Carbohydrates
Each gram of carbohydrates provides the body with 4 calories
How are carbohydrates divided
Simple & complex
Fats
Most concentrated source of energy
Each gram of fat supplies how many calories to the body
9
Unsaturated fatty acids
Liquid at room temperature, termed healthy fats, divided into monosaccharides (olive, peanut, & canola oils), & polyunsaturated fats (soybean, seafood, omega 3,6,&9)
Proteins
Each gram of protein supplies 4 calories to the body
Functions of proteins
Build & repair tissues
Maintain balance of body fluids
Proteins are part of hormones, enzymes, & antibiotics
Proteins are composed of what ?
Amino acids
How many amino navies are there ?
20
How many amino acids are essential because the body cannot produce them ?
9
How many amino acids are non essential because they can be manufactured in the body
11
How many calories per gram of food
Carbohydrate-4
Protein-4
Fat-9
Alcohol-7
What % should carbohydrates be of your total calories per day
45-65%
What % of fats should be part of your total calories per day
20-35%
Proteins should be what % of your total calories per day?
10-35%
👍🏼👉🏻water is the most important nutrient & involved in almost every vital body process such as👈🏼👍🏼 (list 3)
Digesting & absorbing food Removing waste Building & rebuilding cells Transporting nutrients Circulatory process
Micronutrients
Vitamins & minerals
Vitamins
Fat soluble - vitamins ADEK
Water soluble- vitamins B complex & C
Fruits & vegetables contain
Phytonutrients
Phytonutrients can do what ?
Block formation of cancerous tumors
Slow down & even reverse cancer
5 basic types of vegetarians
- vegans
- ovovegetarians
- lactovegetarians
- ovolactovegetarians
- semivegetarians
How much sunshine is needed per day to have proper amounts of vitamin D
10-20 mins
Probiotics
Health-promoting organisms that live in intestines & help break down food
