Chapter 5/6

Question 1

participants answer questions
while their physiological responses are measured by what they believe to be an effective lie-detector

Answer 1

bogus pipeline research

Question 2

Whites’ acceptance as the absolute truth of the belief that Whites were inherently superior to other races

Answer 2

jim-crow racism

Question 3

a set of beliefs about Black people as an abstract group (they… you people…) rather than as specific individuals

Answer 3

symbolic prejudice

Question 4

belief in the biological inferiority of Black people and the attendant stereotypes of low intelligence, laziness, and so forth

Answer 4

old-fashioned prejudice

Question 5

the principle that everyone should have an equal, fair chance at success in life and that one function of government is ensuring such equality

Answer 5

equality of opportunity

Question 6

the belief that government should ensure that everyone, regardless of their personal resources, should receive an equal, or at least a reasonable, share of society’s resources

Answer 6

equality of outcome

Question 7

a person who “tries to ignore the existence of black people, tries to avoid contact with them, and at
most to be polite, correct, and cold in whatever dealings are necessary between the races”

Answer 7

aversive prejudice

Question 7

a behavior toward
the stigmatized person that is more extreme than behavior toward a nonstigmatized but similar person
in the same type of situation

Answer 7

response amplification

Question 8

many White Americans have developed genuinely positive attitudes toward Black people that exist along with the lingering negative attitudes.

Answer 8

ambivalent prejudice

Question 8

emphasizing personal responsibility,
hard work as the means to success, self-reliance, and trying to improve one’s lot in life

Answer 8

individualism

Question 9

the traditional form of prejudice expressed as negative beliefs about and negative emotional responses to outgroups

Answer 9

hostile prejudice

Question 10

Apparently positive beliefs and emotional responses to outgroups that can have negative consequences for those groups

Answer 10

benevolent prejudice

Question 11

the beliefs that all people
should be treated equally and that people have a responsibility to help others who are disadvantaged

Answer 11

egalitarianism

Question 12

proposes that prejudice begins with the perception that members of minority groups have characteristics that are contrary to majority-group values

Answer 12

attribution-value model

Question 13

people who believe that those who have power in a society know what is best for the society, so people should simply do what their government tells them to do

Answer 13

authoritarian personality

Question 14

an other-oriented emotional response congruent with another’s perceived welfare

Answer 14

empathy

Question 15

people with an _______ religious orientation use religion as a way to achieve nonreligious goals

Answer 15

extrinsic religious orientation

Question 16

the attempt by members of one social or cultural group to exterminate the members of another group

Answer 16

genocide

Question 17

not associated with a social group, but rather comes from the context in which an intergroup interaction takes place

Answer 17

incidental emotions

Question 18

aroused when people think about or interact with members of social groups including one’s ingroups

Answer 18

integral emotions

Question 19

sets of attitudes and beliefs that people high in SDO can use to justify their dominant position in society

Answer 19

legitimizing myths

Question 20

the feelings of discomfort many people experience when interacting with, or anticipating an interaction with, members of other groups

Answer 20

intergroup anxiety

Question 21

people with an _______ religious orientation truly believe in their religion’s teachings and try to live their lives according to them

Answer 21

intrinsic religious orientation

Question 22

awareness of the inevitability of one’s death

Answer 22

mortality salience

Question 23

religions proscribe (that is, forbid) some forms of prejudice, such as racism, they may at the same time permit prejudice against people, such as lesbians and gay men, who are perceived to violate the religion’s values

Answer 23

permitted vs. proscribed prejudices

Question 24

reflects a view of religiosity as a search for answers to questions about the meaning of life

Answer 24

quest religious orientation

Question 25

the belief that there is one set of religious teachings that clearly contain the fundamental, basic, intrinsic, essential, inerrant truth about humanity and deity

Answer 25

religious fundamentalism

Question 26

defined in terms of three clusters of attitudes:
-authoritarian submission
-general aggressiveness
-conventionalism

Answer 26

right-wing authoritarianism

Question 27

the extent to which one desires that
one’s in-group dominate and be superior to out-groups

Answer 27

social dominance orientation

Question 28

sets of attitudes and beliefs that predispose people to view the world in certain ways and to respond to events in ways consistent with those viewpoints

Answer 28

social ideology

Question 29

people’s build belief and value systems based on the fear of death which results in prejudice

Answer 29

terror management theory

Question 30

the ______ classifies group stereotypes along two broad dimensions. The
first dimension is warmth; groups can be stereotyped as warm and friendly or as cold and unfriendly. The second dimension is competence; groups can be stereotyped as competent and successful
in dealing with the world or as incompetent and unsuccessful

Answer 30

stereotype content model

Question 31

holds that prejudice is, in part, based on the perception that outgroups’ value systems differ from one’s own

Answer 31

value difference hypothesis