Chapter 5

Question 1

Transcription

Answer 1

The gene sequence is copied to a smaller molecule

Example- a single recipe from the cook book onto a flash card.

Question 2

RNA

Answer 2

Is a single strand
Ribosome
Aucg =base

Question 3

DNA sequence

Answer 3

ATGCCATTA
transition to complimentary MRNA
UACCGUAAU

Question 4

Translation

Answer 4

MRNA molecule moves out of the cells nucleus.
Transition begins
Ingredients must be present in cytoplasm for translation to occur
Peptide bond link amino acids

Question 5

Free amino acids

Answer 5

The raw material for building proteins

Question 6

Ribosome subunits

Answer 6

Subunits

Question 7

Transfer RNA

Answer 7

Interpreters of the MRNA code

Question 8

MRNA

Answer 8

Is single strand

Question 9

Codon table

Answer 9

64 combinations
Every triplet is calls for a code
(Codon)

Question 10

AUG codon

Answer 10

Is called the methanomine

Question 11

UAA
UAG
UGA
Codon

Answer 11

Means stop

Question 12

AUG

Answer 12

Start codon

Question 13

Anti codon

Answer 13

Is on the TRNA

Codon is on the MRNA strand

Question 14

Ribosome

Answer 14

Reads the MRNA

Question 15

TRNA

Answer 15

Transports amino acids

Question 16

Once you hit the stop sequence

Answer 16

The protein is release and folds

Question 17

20 different

Answer 17

Type of amino acids

Question 18

Causes and effects of mutation

Answer 18

Alteration sequence of bases of DNA.
Changes I. The structure and fiction of the protein.
(Effects)
Mutations 
Wrong codon sequence
Seriously or deadly to organism
No effects
Can turn out to be beneficial to the organism

Question 19

Mutations can

Answer 19

Disrupt normal processes and harm the individual.

One simple change in the amino acid can alter development

Question 20

Breast cancer in humans

BRCA 1 &BRCA 2.

Answer 20

Two genes called BRCA 1 &BRCA 2.
Help prevent ovarian cancer
Tumor suppressor
Prevent cells from devising uncontrollably

Question 21

Mutations

Answer 21

Mutations are essential to evolution.
Mutations that don’t kill an organism can reduce ability of survival or reproduction.
Can be beneficial
Every genetic feature was a mutation

Question 22

Types of mutation

Answer 22

Nucleotide substitute
-less sever
-doesn't change after or before
nucleotide insertion
MRNA is going to be red(stop)
-Complete change of reading frame
-Everything after is different
nucleotide deletion
- same as insertion

Question 23

3 main causes of mutations

Answer 23

1Spontaneous - no control
2Radiation - induces mutation ex: X-rays , nuclear plants
3 chemical - induced mutation ex: smoking , expose to chemicals.

Question 24

Faulty genes. Coding for faulty enzymes

Answer 24

• can lead to production of non fictional enzyme

- fast flushing