Chapter 5

Question 1

The Y chromosome keeps what structure from developing in babies?

Answer 1

The ovaries

Question 2

around how many sexual development disorders are there that blur the lines between male and female?

Answer 2

30

Question 3

About 1 in how many people have a sexual development disorder?

Answer 3

1 in only 2,000

Question 4

what is a hermaphrodite in biology?

Answer 4

An organism that has the reproductive organs of both sexes (ex. earthworms, apple trees)

Question 5

True or False: a human can have both a fully functional male and female reproductive system.

Answer 5

False.

Question 6

What occurs to gonadal tissue depending on the chromosomes a developing fetus has?

Answer 6

If chromosomes are XX, the gonadal tissue develops into the ovaries. If chromosomes are XY, the gonadal tissue develops into testes.

Question 7

Other sections of tissue growth are impacted by the presence of testosterone. Describe the differences in males and females.

Answer 7

That tissue develops into a penis in the presence of testosterone, and a clitoris without the presence of testosterone. Where a scrotum will develop in the presence of testosterone, a labia majora will develop in females.

Question 8

True or False. The development of sexual organs is a complex, non-clear-cut process.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What can happen in a fetus that has XX chromosomes but produces too much testosterone?

Answer 9

The clitoris will look more like a small penis.

Question 10

What is the main type of androgen hormone in the body?

Answer 10

testosterone

Question 11

What is the condition called when a person has XY chromosomes, produces normal amounts of testosterone, but won’t develop biologically male features?

Answer 11

androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 12

What can cause androgen insensitivity syndrome?

Answer 12

Androgen receptors on cells are incorrectly shaped due to a genetic mutation and cannot bind with testosterone, which means the DNA cannot bind with androgen and carry out the development of male sex organs.

Question 13

Why is it a controversial idea to immediately cosmetically operate on an intersex infant?

Answer 13

Babies are at greater risk of infection and other surgery-related complications, also, their gender identity may not match up with the doctor’s decision.

Question 14

Sex cells have how many chromosomes?

Answer 14

23 each

Question 15

Body cells have how many chromosomes?

Answer 15

46 each, 23 pairs

Question 16

What are haploid cells?

Answer 16

Cells with only 23 chromsomes

Question 17

What are diploid cells?

Answer 17

Cells with 46 chromosomes

Question 18

karyotype

Answer 18

A karyotype is a photographic inventory of the chromosomes found in a single body cell.

Question 19

where do the 46 chromosomes in our body cells come from?

Answer 19

At fertilization, haploid sex cells (gametes, egg and sperm) containing 23 chromosomes each fuse together.

Question 20

how many of the chromosomes in a karyotype are autosomes?

Answer 20

44

Question 21

What are the matched pairs of chromosomes called?

Answer 21

Homologous pairs of chromosomes

Question 22

If an organism has two non-identical versions of a gene, the one that is expressed in the organism is called the _________ allele.

Answer 22

dominant

Question 23

A(n) ________ is an inherited feature that varies from individual to individual.

Answer 23

character