Chapter 5 Flashcards
Developmental disorder
Abnormality resulting from the failure or disturbance of the developing body’s cell divisions, multiplication or differentiation.
Inherited disorder
Caused by abnormality in genetic makeup passed in from parents to offspring
Congenital disorders
Present at birth. Not all congenital disorders are genetic, but all genetic disorders are congenital because they are present at birth.
Ankyloglossia
Soft tissue abnormality
Extensive adhesion of tongue to the floor of mouth.
Can cause gingival recession and bone loss.
Commisurar lip pits
Soft tissue abnormality.
Corners of mouth
Cyst
Abnormal, pathological, sac or cavity lined by epithelium, enclosed in a CT capsule
Dentigerous cyst
(Follicular cyst)
Forms around crown of unerupted tooth
Originates from the reduced enamel epithelium
Most common in third molar area
Well defined unilocular radiolucency around crown or impacted tooth
TX: surgical removal of cyst, and often tooth.
Found in BONE
Odontogenic cyst
Anodontia
Congenitally missing all teeth
Hypodontia
Congenital lack of one or more teeth
Supernumerary tooth
Extra tooth, mesiodens (at maxillary midline) are most common
Mocrodontia
Small teeth. Most common: peg lateral
Gemination
Single tooth root attempting to divide into two crowns.
Counted teeth - should be a normal count of teeth
Fusion
Union of two adjacent tooth germs
Counted- less than normal counted teeth
Concreasance
Adjacent teeth joined by cementum only
Dilaceration
Abnormal curve or angle of roots
Enamel pearls
Small enamel projection usually located on maxillary molar furcations
Talon cusp
Extra cusp located on the lingual side of a max or mand. Incisor
Taurodontism
Teeth have elongated, large pulp chambers and short roots. “Bulls teeth”
Usually molars.
Eruption cyst
Similar to dentigerous cyst but found in soft tissue
Usual,y requires no treatment because tooth can erupt through cyst
Odontogenic cyst
Primordial cyst
Develops in place of a tooth Third molar area Well defined readiolucency Surgical excision of cyst In BONE Odontogenic cyst
Odontogenic keratocyst
Unique histo logical appearance (8-10 layers of epithelium, surfaced by parakeratin, palisades basal layer).
Mandi usar third molar
Well defined MULTILOCULAR radiolucent lesion
May be a primordial or dentigerous cyst with keratinization of epithelial lining
Surgical excision and bone curretage to remove all cystic epithelium
High recurrence rate.
Lateral periodontal cyst
Asymptomatic, unlilocular OR multilocular radiolucency on the lateral aspect of a tooth root
Mandibolare cuspid or premolar most common
Surgical excision
Only in BONE
ODONTOGENIC CYST
Gingival cyst
Same as lateral periodontal cyst (same area) but located in the soft tissue
Derived from cells of lamina dura
Odontogenic cyst
Nasopalatine canal cyst
AKA incisive canal cyst
Well defined, heart shaped radiolucency in the maxillary midline
Non odontogenic cyst
Median palatine cyst
Well defined radiolucency in midline of hard palate
More posterior form of nasopalatine canal cyst
Non odontogenic
Globulomaxillary cyst
Well defined pear shaped radiolucency
Found between roots of maxillary cuspids and lateral incisors
Infused bone where globular process meets first branchial arch or palatial process. Fills w epithelium causing cyst
Non odontogenic cyst
Median mandibular cyst
Midline of mandible
Rare
Non odontogenic cyst
Epidermal cyst
Raised nodule of skin of face or neck and occasionally oral mucosa, filled with keratin, thought to originate from hair follicle
Non odontogenic cyst
Dermoid cyst
Developmental soft tissue cyst often present at birth
Uncommon in oral cavity, but may be found in anterior floor of mouth
Non odontogenic cyst
Nasolabial cyst
Soft tissue cyst originating from nasolacrimal duct
Non odontogenic cyst
Thyroglossal tract cyst
Forms in area where thyroid gland develops
Foramen cecum to neck
Smooth swelling of neck often below hyoid bone
Difficulty swallowing and moving tongue
Non odontogenic cyst
Static bone cyst (Stafne bone cyst)
Thin bone
Well defined radiolucency Posterior mandible below canal Caused by lingual depression in bone Extension of sublingual salivary gland Pseudocyst
Simple bone cyst (traumatic bone cyst)
Pathological cavity NOT lined with epithelium
Cause unknown
Pseudocyst
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Blood filled spaces sourrounded by multinucleated giant cells and fibrous connective tissue (similar to giant cell granuloma)
MULTILOCULAR radiolucency soap bubble or honeycomb appearance
Bone expansion
Excessive bleeding during surgical extraction
Pseudocyst
Odontogenic cysts
Developmental cysts related to tooth development
Non odontogenic cysts
Developmental cysts NOT related to tooth development
Enamel hypoplasia
Incomplete or defective formation of enamel during tooth development.
Generalized all over tooth appearance
Regional odontodysplasia
When one or more teeth show significant reduction in radiodensity, having a ghostlike appearance
Very thin enamel and dentin, large pulp chambers.
Ankylosed teeth
Submerged teeth
Deciduous tooth that has bone fused to cementum resulting in inability to loose deciduous tooth preventing permanent tooth eruption
No PDL space
