Chapter 5

Question 1

Developmental disorder

Answer 1

Abnormality resulting from the failure or disturbance of the developing body’s cell divisions, multiplication or differentiation.

Question 2

Inherited disorder

Answer 2

Caused by abnormality in genetic makeup passed in from parents to offspring

Question 3

Congenital disorders

Answer 3

Present at birth. Not all congenital disorders are genetic, but all genetic disorders are congenital because they are present at birth.

Question 4

Ankyloglossia

Answer 4

Soft tissue abnormality
Extensive adhesion of tongue to the floor of mouth.
Can cause gingival recession and bone loss.

Question 5

Commisurar lip pits

Answer 5

Soft tissue abnormality.

Corners of mouth

Question 6

Cyst

Answer 6

Abnormal, pathological, sac or cavity lined by epithelium, enclosed in a CT capsule

Question 7

Dentigerous cyst

Answer 7

(Follicular cyst)
Forms around crown of unerupted tooth
Originates from the reduced enamel epithelium
Most common in third molar area
Well defined unilocular radiolucency around crown or impacted tooth
TX: surgical removal of cyst, and often tooth.
Found in BONE
Odontogenic cyst

Question 8

Anodontia

Answer 8

Congenitally missing all teeth

Question 9

Hypodontia

Answer 9

Congenital lack of one or more teeth

Question 10

Supernumerary tooth

Answer 10

Extra tooth, mesiodens (at maxillary midline) are most common

Question 11

Mocrodontia

Answer 11

Small teeth. Most common: peg lateral

Question 12

Gemination

Answer 12

Single tooth root attempting to divide into two crowns.

Counted teeth - should be a normal count of teeth

Question 13

Fusion

Answer 13

Union of two adjacent tooth germs

Counted- less than normal counted teeth

Question 14

Concreasance

Answer 14

Adjacent teeth joined by cementum only

Question 15

Dilaceration

Answer 15

Abnormal curve or angle of roots

Question 16

Enamel pearls

Answer 16

Small enamel projection usually located on maxillary molar furcations

Question 17

Talon cusp

Answer 17

Extra cusp located on the lingual side of a max or mand. Incisor

Question 18

Taurodontism

Answer 18

Teeth have elongated, large pulp chambers and short roots. “Bulls teeth”
Usually molars.

Question 19

Eruption cyst

Answer 19

Similar to dentigerous cyst but found in soft tissue
Usual,y requires no treatment because tooth can erupt through cyst
Odontogenic cyst

Question 20

Primordial cyst

Answer 20

Develops in place of a tooth
Third molar area
Well defined readiolucency
Surgical excision of cyst
In BONE
Odontogenic cyst

Question 21

Odontogenic keratocyst

Answer 21

Unique histo logical appearance (8-10 layers of epithelium, surfaced by parakeratin, palisades basal layer).
Mandi usar third molar
Well defined MULTILOCULAR radiolucent lesion
May be a primordial or dentigerous cyst with keratinization of epithelial lining
Surgical excision and bone curretage to remove all cystic epithelium
High recurrence rate.

Question 22

Lateral periodontal cyst

Answer 22

Asymptomatic, unlilocular OR multilocular radiolucency on the lateral aspect of a tooth root
Mandibolare cuspid or premolar most common
Surgical excision
Only in BONE
ODONTOGENIC CYST

Question 23

Gingival cyst

Answer 23

Same as lateral periodontal cyst (same area) but located in the soft tissue
Derived from cells of lamina dura
Odontogenic cyst

Question 24

Nasopalatine canal cyst

Answer 24

AKA incisive canal cyst
Well defined, heart shaped radiolucency in the maxillary midline
Non odontogenic cyst

Question 25

Median palatine cyst

Answer 25

Well defined radiolucency in midline of hard palate More posterior form of nasopalatine canal cyst Non odontogenic

Question 26

Globulomaxillary cyst

Answer 26

Well defined pear shaped radiolucency Found between roots of maxillary cuspids and lateral incisors Infused bone where globular process meets first branchial arch or palatial process. Fills w epithelium causing cyst Non odontogenic cyst

Question 27

Median mandibular cyst

Answer 27

Midline of mandible Rare Non odontogenic cyst

Question 28

Epidermal cyst

Answer 28

Raised nodule of skin of face or neck and occasionally oral mucosa, filled with keratin, thought to originate from hair follicle Non odontogenic cyst

Question 29

Dermoid cyst

Answer 29

Developmental soft tissue cyst often present at birth Uncommon in oral cavity, but may be found in anterior floor of mouth Non odontogenic cyst

Question 30

Nasolabial cyst

Answer 30

Soft tissue cyst originating from nasolacrimal duct | Non odontogenic cyst

Question 31

Thyroglossal tract cyst

Answer 31

Forms in area where thyroid gland develops Foramen cecum to neck Smooth swelling of neck often below hyoid bone Difficulty swallowing and moving tongue Non odontogenic cyst

Question 32

Static bone cyst (Stafne bone cyst) | Thin bone

Answer 32

``` Well defined radiolucency Posterior mandible below canal Caused by lingual depression in bone Extension of sublingual salivary gland Pseudocyst ```

Question 33

Simple bone cyst (traumatic bone cyst)

Answer 33

Pathological cavity NOT lined with epithelium Cause unknown Pseudocyst

Question 34

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Answer 34

Blood filled spaces sourrounded by multinucleated giant cells and fibrous connective tissue (similar to giant cell granuloma) MULTILOCULAR radiolucency soap bubble or honeycomb appearance Bone expansion Excessive bleeding during surgical extraction Pseudocyst

Question 35

Odontogenic cysts

Answer 35

Developmental cysts related to tooth development

Question 36

Non odontogenic cysts

Answer 36

Developmental cysts NOT related to tooth development

Question 37

Enamel hypoplasia

Answer 37

Incomplete or defective formation of enamel during tooth development. Generalized all over tooth appearance

Question 38

Regional odontodysplasia

Answer 38

When one or more teeth show significant reduction in radiodensity, having a ghostlike appearance Very thin enamel and dentin, large pulp chambers.

Question 39

Ankylosed teeth

Answer 39

Submerged teeth Deciduous tooth that has bone fused to cementum resulting in inability to loose deciduous tooth preventing permanent tooth eruption No PDL space