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Ultrasound Physics > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Autocorrelation

A

A rapid technique used in most color doppler instruments

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2
Q

Baseline Shift

A

Movement of the zero doppler shift frequency or or zero flow speed line up or down the spectral display

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3
Q

Bernouille Effect

A

Pressure reduction in a region of high low speed

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4
Q

Bidirectional

A

Indicating doppler instruments capable of distinguishing between positive and negative doppler shifts

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5
Q

Clutter

A

Noise in the doppler signal that generally is caused by amplitude

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6
Q

Color Doppler Display

A

The presentation of 2d real time doppler shift info on color superimposed on a gray scale image

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7
Q

Compliance

A

Distensibility

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8
Q

Continuous Wave Doppler

A

A doppler device or procedure that uses continuous wave ultrasound

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9
Q

Cosine

A

The cosine of angle A in figure c is the length of side b divided by the length of side c

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10
Q

Disturbed Flow

A

Flow that cannot be described by straight parallel streamlines

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11
Q

Doppler Angle

A

The angle between the sound beam and the flow direction

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12
Q

Doppler Effect

A

A change in frequency caused by reflector motion

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13
Q

Doppler Equation

A

Mathematical description of the relationship between doppler shift frequency doppler angle prop speed and reflector speed

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14
Q

Doppler-Power display

A

Color doppler display in which colors are assigned according to the strength

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15
Q

Doppler Shift

A

Reflected freq minus incident freq; the change in frequency caused by motion

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16
Q

Doppler Spectrum

A

The range of frequencies present in doppler shifted echoes

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17
Q

Duplex Instrument

A

An ultrasound instrument that combines gray scale imaging sonography with pulsed doppler

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18
Q

Eddies

A

Regions of circular flow patterns present in turbulence

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19
Q

Ensemble Length

A

Number of pulses used to generate one color doppler image scan line

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20
Q

Fast Fourier Transform

A

Digital computer implementation of the Fourier transform

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21
Q

Filter

A

An electric circuit that passes frequencies within a defined range

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22
Q

Flow

A

To move in a steam

23
Q

Fluid

A

A material that flows and conforms to the shape of a container

24
Q

Frequency Spectrum

A

The range of doppler shift frequencies present in returning echoes

25
Q

Gate

A

A device that allows only echoes from a selected depth to pass

26
Q

Hue

A

The color perceived based on the frequency of light

27
Q

Inertia

A

Resistance to acceleration

28
Q

Laminar Flow

A

Flow in which fluid layers slide over each other in a smooth orderly manner

29
Q

Luminance

A

Brightness of a presented hue

30
Q

Parabolic Flow

A

Laminar flow with a profile in the shape of the parabola

31
Q

Phase Quadrature

A

Two signals differing by one fourth of a cycle

32
Q

Plug Flow

A

Flow with all fluid portions

33
Q

Poise

A

Unit of viscosity

34
Q

Poiseuille Equation

A

The description of the dependence of volume flow rate on pressure vessel length and radius

35
Q

Priority

A

The gray scale echo strength below which color doppler is shown preferentially on a display

36
Q

Pulsatile Flow

A

Flow that accelerates and decelerates with each cardiac cycle

37
Q

Pulsed Doppler

A

A doppler device or procedure that uses pulsed wave ultrasound

38
Q

Range Gating

A

Selection of the depth from which echoes are accepted based on echo arrival time

39
Q

Resistance

A

Pressure difference divided by volume flow rate for steady flow

40
Q

Sample Volume

A

The anatomic region from which pulsed doppler echoes are accepted

41
Q

Saturation

A

The amount of hue present in a mix with with white

42
Q

Spectral Analysis

A

Separation of frequencies in a doppler signal for display as a doppler spectrum

43
Q

Spectral Broadening

A

The widening of the doppler shift spectrum

44
Q

Spectral Doppler Display

A

The presentation of doppler info in a quantitative form of doppler shift versus time

45
Q

Spectrum Analyzer

A

A device that derives a frequency spectrum from a complex signal

46
Q

Stenosis

A

Narrowing of a vessel lumen

47
Q

Streamlines

A

A line representing the the path of motion of a particle of motion

48
Q

Turbulence

A

Random chaotic multi-directional flow of fluid with mixing between layers

49
Q

Variance

A

Square the standard, one of the outputs of the autocorrection process

50
Q

Viscosity

A

Resistance of a fluid to flow

51
Q

Volumetric Flow Rate

A

Volume of fluid passing a point per unit of time

52
Q

Wall Filter

A

An electric filter that passes frequencies above a set level and eliminates strong low frequency doppler shifts

53
Q

Window

A

An anechoic region appearing beneath echo frequencies presented on a doppler spectral display

Ultrasound Physics (5 decks)

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