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Ultrasound Physics > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

A- Mode

A

Mode of operation in which the display presents echo amplitude versus depth

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2
Q

Amplification

A

The process by which small voltages are increased to larger ones

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3
Q

Amplifier

A

A device that accomplishes amplification

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4
Q

Analog

A

Related to a procedure or system in which data are represented in proportional continuously variable physical quantities

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5
Q

Analog to Digital Converter

A

A device that converts voltage amplitude to a number

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6
Q

B-Mode

A

Mode of operation in which the display presents a spot of appropriate brightness for each echo received by the transducer

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7
Q

B Scan

A

A B-mode image that represents an anatomic cross section through the scanning plane

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8
Q

Bandpass filter

A

An electronic device or circuit that allows signals between two specific frequencies to pass, but that discriminates against signals at other frequencies

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9
Q

Beam Former

A

The part of an instrument that accomplishes electronic beam scanning, apodization, steering, focusing and aperture with arrays

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10
Q

Bistable

A

Having 2 possible states

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11
Q

Bit

A

Binary digit

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12
Q

Channel

A

A single 1 or 2 way path for transmitting electric signals, in distinction of other parallel paths.

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13
Q

Cine Loop

A

Sequential display of all the frames stored in memory at a controllable frame rate

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14
Q

Coded Excitation

A

A sophisticated form of transmission in which the driving voltage pulses have intrapulse variations in amplitude, frequency, and or phase

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15
Q

Compensation

A

Equalization of received echo amplitude differences caused by different attenuations for different reflector depths

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16
Q

Compression

A

Reduction indifference in small and large amplitudes

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17
Q

Contrast Resolution

A

Ability of a gray scale display to distinguish between echoes of slightly different intensities

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18
Q

Demodulation

A

Detection

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19
Q

Depth Gain Compensation

A

See Compensation

20
Q

Detection

A

Conversion of voltage pulses from radio frequency to to video form

21
Q

Digital

A

Procedure or system in which data are represented in numeric value

22
Q

Digital to Analog Converter

A

A device that converts a number to a proportional voltage amplitude

23
Q

Display

A

A device that presents a visual image derived from voltages received from an image processor

24
Q

Dynamic Range

A

Ratio of largest to smallest power that a system can handle

25
Q

Elastography

A

Imaging tissue stiffness by tracking movement under mechanical stress

26
Q

Flat Panel Display

A

A back-lighted rectangular matrix of thousands of crystal display elements

27
Q

Frame

A

A single image produced by 1 complete scan of the sound beam

28
Q

Frame Rate

A

of frames of echo info stored each second

29
Q

Freeze Frame

A

Constant display of one of the frames in memory

30
Q

Gain

A

Ratio of amplifier output to input electric power

31
Q

Gray Scale

A

Range of brightness between white and black

32
Q

Image Memory

A

The part of the image processor where echo information is stored in image format

33
Q

Image Processor

A

An electronic device that manipulates and prepares images for visual presentation

34
Q

Lateral Gain Control

A

Gain controls that enable different gain values to be applied laterally across an image to compensate for different attenuation values in anatomic regions

35
Q

M-Mode

A

A B-mode presentation of changing reflector position versus time

36
Q

Panoramic Imaging

A

The extension of the field of view beyond the normal limits of a transducer scan plane

37
Q

Persistence

A

Averaging sequential frames together

38
Q

PACS

A

The system provides means or electronically communicating images and associated information to work stations and devices external to the ultrasound instrument.

39
Q

Pixel

A

Picture element

40
Q

Post Processing

A

Image processing done after storage in the memory

41
Q

Pre Processing

A

Signal and image processing accomplished before storage in memory

42
Q

Radio Frequency

A

Voltages representing echoes in cyclic form

43
Q

Real Time

A

Imaging with a rapid frame sequence display

44
Q

Real Time Display

A

A display that appears to image moving structures or a changing scan plane continuously

45
Q

Refresh Rate

A

The number of times each second that info is sent from the image memory to the display

46
Q

Scan Line

A

A line produced on a display that represents ultrasonic echoes returning from the body

47
Q

Scanning

A

The sweeping of a sound beam through the anatomy to produce an image

Ultrasound Physics (5 decks)

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