Chapter 5

Question 1

In the 1770’s how was the life for Americans?

Answer 1

Generally they were optimisitc for the future, most of the population was young with 60% of people under 21. There was much growth in the colonies and that rise of living rose. Though the wealth was not evenly disturubted though society.

Question 2

True or False: The colonies did not expect independence before the American Revolution

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Who were the Whigs?

Answer 3

In mid-eighteenth century Britain, the Whigs were a political party that dominated Parliament. Generally they were opposed to royal influence in government and wanted to increase the control and influence of Parliament.

Question 4

How did King George the destroy the cozy relationship of the Whigs and himself?

Answer 4

By bringing into office a new chief of minister Earl of Bute

Question 5

What was another reason for the destruction of political breakdown in England?

Answer 5

For the reason that there was no communication and the Whigs creating laws that help drove the wedge in both England and America.

Question 6

What is parliamentary sovereignty?

Answer 6

Principle that emphasized the power of Parliament to govern colonial affairs as the preeminent authority.

Question 7

Why were the Americans pissed off at England?

Answer 7

They were mad that they were not represented in Parliament and were governed by the local governments.

Question 8

How did Americans express their political beliefs?

Answer 8

Like the writers John Locke, which was borrowed from the English writers.

Question 9

Commonwealthman tradition, what is it?

Answer 9

A body of political assumptions generally identified with two 18th century English publicists John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon

Question 10

What were the main political beliefs of the Americans?

Answer 10

Insistence on public virtue- sacrifice of self-interest to the public good was the dominant theme of revolution political writing.

Question 11

What happened after the French and Indian war?

Answer 11

England was in debt from fighting France, and needed a source of revenue and so looked to the colonies.

Question 12

What is the Stamp Act of 1765?

Answer 12

Placed a tax on newspapers and printed matter produced in the colonies, causing mass opposition by colonists.

Question 13

What is the Stamp act Congress?

Answer 13

Meeting of colonial delegates in New York city to protest the Stamp Act, in October 1765 to protest the Stamp, Act a law passed by Parliament to raise revenue in AMerica.

Question 14

Why is the Sugar act necessary from Britain perspective?

Answer 14

“I is just and necessary that a revenue be raised.. in America for defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same”

Question 15

Why were there many troops in the Eastern seaboard?

Answer 15

To help save costs and not have England soldiers in the frontier.

Question 16

What is the Boston Massacre?

Answer 16

A violent confrontation between British troops and a Boston mob n MArch 5 1770 Five citizens were killed when the troops fired into the crowd. The incident inflamed anti-British sentiment in Massachusetts

Question 17

What is the committee of correspondence?

Answer 17

Vast communication network formed in Massachusetts and other colonies to communicate grievances and provide colonists with evidence of British oppression.

Question 18

During 1771- to 1773 who was the person spreading the idea of rebellion against England and what were the reason for the rebellion?

Answer 18

Samuel Adams and the information said that tax on tea is still in effect. he also organized events public anniversaries commemorating the repeal of the Stamp Ac and the Boston Massacre.

Question 19

What is the Boston tea party?

Answer 19

Raids on British ships in which Patriots disguised as Mohawks threw hundreds of chest f tea owned by East India Company into Boston to protest British taxes.

Question 20

The effect of the Boston Tea party Parliament enacted the Coercive Acts what are they?

Answer 20

Also known as the Intolerable acts, the four pieces of legislation passed by Parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party were meant to punish the colonies.

Question 21

What is the first part of the Coercive acts?

Answer 21

CLosed the port of Boston until the city fully compensated the East India Company for the lost tea.

Question 22

What is the second part of the Coercive acts?

Answer 22

Reduced the Massachachusetts government by transforming Upper house from an elective to an appointed body and restrict the number of legal town meeting to one a year.

Question 23

What is the third part of the Coercive acts?

Answer 23

Allowed the royal governor to transfer British officials arrested for offenses committed in the line of duty in England, where there was little likelihood they would be convicted.

Question 24

What is the fourth part of the Coercive acts?

Answer 24

Authorized the army to quarter troops wherever they were needed, even if this required the compulsory requisition of uninhibited private buildings.

Question 25

What is the first Continental Congress?

Answer 25

A meeting of 12 delegates from twelve colonies in Philadelphia 1774 the Congress denied Parliament’s authority to legislate for the colonies, condemned British action toward the colonies, created the COntinental Association, and endorsed a call to take up arms.

Question 26

What was the decision in the first Continental Congress?

Answer 26

Created an “association” in which the colonies to halt all commerce with Britain until Parliament repealed the Intolerable acts. This was a revolutionary decision.

Question 27

What is the shot heard around the world?

Answer 27

a shot that started the American revolution in Lexington.

Question 28

What is the Second Continental Congress?

Answer 28

This meeting took place in PHiladelphia in May 1775, in the midst of rapidly unfolding military events. It organized the Continental Army and commissioned George Washington to lead it, then began requisitioning men and supplies for the war effort.

Question 29

What is the essay Common Sense?

Answer 29

Revolutionary tract written by Thomas Paine in January 1776. It called for Independence and the establishment of a republican government in America.

Question 30

What were three disadvantages that British faced in America?

Answer 30

First, the British had to transport men and supplies across the Atlantic. Second,America was too vast for traditional redcoat methods, so if Washington had is army then the war was still on. Third, British strategists never appreciated the depth ofthe AMericans’ commitment to a political strategy.

Question 31

What was the problem with Washington’s army?

Answer 31

That Washington wanted a regular trained army, but people claimed to have a guerilla war which worked.

Question 32

Who were Loyalists?

Answer 32

Throughout the conflict with Great Britain, many colonists sided with the king and Parliament. Also called Tories, these people feared that American liberty might promote social anarchy.

Question 33

What was the last battle in the American Revolution?

Answer 33

The battle of Yorktown, which was Virginia market town on a peninsula bounded by the York and James rivers, where Lord Cornwallis’s was trapped by Americans and French in 1781.W

Question 34

What was the political ideology of the Loyalists?

Answer 34

They believed that like Patriots that everyone deserves life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, but independence will destroy it.

Question 35

What is the Treaty of Paris of 1783?

Answer 35

Agreement establishing American independence after the Revolutionary war. It also transferred territory, east of the Mississippi river. exect Spanish Florida, to the new republic.

Question 36

Sugar act

Answer 36

Date-April 5 1764
Provisions- Revised duties on sugar coffee, tea wine,other imports;
Colonial Reaction-Several assemblies protest taxation for revenue

Question 37

Stamp act

Answer 37

Date- March 22 1765; repealed March 18 1766
Provisions- Printed documents (deeds, newspapers, marriage license,etc) issued only on special stamped paper purchased from stamp distributors.
Colonial Reaction- Riots in cities; collectors forced to resign; Stamp Act Congress(October 1765)

Question 38

Quartering act

Answer 38

Date- May 1765
Provisions- Colonists must supply British troops with housing, other items (candles, firewood, etc.)
Colonial Reaction- Protest in assemblies; New York Assembly punished for failure to comply, 1767

Question 39

Declaratory Act

Answer 39

Date- March 18 1766
Provisions- Parliament declares its sovereignty over the colonies “in all cases whatsoever”
Colonial reaction- Ignored in celebration over repeal of the Stamp act

Question 40

Townshend Revenue acts

Answer 40

Date- June 26,29, July 2, 1767; all repealed-exact duty on tea, March 1770
Provisions- New Duties on glass, lead,paper,paints,tea; customs collections tightened America.
Provisions- Non Importation of British goods; assemblies protest; newspapers attack British policy.

Question 41

Tea act

Answer 41

Date- May 10 1773
Provisions- Parliament gives East India Company right to Americans; some duties
Colonial Reaction- Protest against favoritism shown to monopolistic company; tea destroyed in Boston (December 16 1773)

Question 42

Prohibitory Acts

Answer 42

Date- December 22 1775
Provisions- Declares British intention to coerce Americans into submission; embargo on American goods; American ships seized
Colonial reaction- Drives Continental Congress closer to decision for independence