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ANT 2000 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

When did hominids begin?

A

Late Miocene

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2
Q

What constitutes a hominin?

A

bipedalism

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3
Q

Earliest Hominins

A

Sahelanthropus
Orrorin
Ardipithecus

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4
Q

Advantages of bipedalism

A

Range
Predators
Carrying capability
Sun exposure

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5
Q

Ardipithecus

A

First evidence of bipedalism.

Lived in forest.

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6
Q

Early Austrobros

A

Anamensis

Afarensis

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7
Q

Laetoli site

A

Austro afarensis

Footprints in volcanic ash

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8
Q

Hadar site

A

Lucy

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9
Q

Later Austrobros

A

Gracile

Robust

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10
Q

Gracile Austrobros

A

small/light faces
large molars
stone tools

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11
Q

Robust Austrobros

A

rugged jaw
flat face
huge molars
bone tools

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12
Q

Early Homo

A

Evolved from gracile austrobros
Lived alongside robust austrobros
Larger brain

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13
Q

Olduvai Gorge

A

Homo habilis

Louis Leakey

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14
Q

Oldowan Tradition

A

first stone-tool making style

Homo habilis

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15
Q

Taphonomy

A

How objects become part of archaelogical record

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16
Q

Homo erectus

A 
Larger brain
Spread out of Africa
Heavy brow, small molars/jawbone
Large body
Fire
17
Q

Nariokotome site

Lake Turkana site

A

Homo erectus

18
Q

Homo floresiensis

A

Found on Flores, Indonesia

Dwarf form of Homo erectus

19
Q

Acheulian tradition

A

stone-tool style, hand axes
Homo erectus
Early Stone age

20
Q

Zhoukoudian Cave (China)

A

Homo erectus

Acheulean tools

21
Q

Homo heidelbergensis

A

Archaic Homo sapiens

features found in both erectus and sapiens

22
Q

Atapuerca (Spain)

A

Homo antecessor

Early Neanderthal

23
Q

Replacement model

A

Single origin from africa

24
Q

Regional continuity model

A

Gradual, continuous, multi-regional evolution

25
Q

Neanderthals

A 
Europe and West Asia
Possible new species
Short/robust
Huge skulls
Large teeth, no chin
Protruding face
26
Q

Fate of Neanderthals

A

Minimal interbreeding
Adaptation not competitive
Borrowed Paleolithic tech from moderns
Retreated, decreased, extinct

27
Q

Mousterian tradition

A

flake tools
Lecallois technique
Neanderthal

28
Q

Middle Paleolithic

A

Stone age culture

associated with late archaic Homo sapiens

29
Q

Upper Paleolithic

A 
Blades
composite tools
spears, bows, arrows
Tailored clothes
Big game hunt, lots of plants
elaborate burials
Art
30
Q

Lascaux, France

Altimira, Spain

A

Cave paintings

31
Q

Spread of modern humans

A

Africans -> Eastern Asia and Siberia
Northeast Asians -> America
Boats to Australia

32
Q

Clovis and Folsom culture

A

tool-making in Americas

ANT 2000 (5 decks)

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