Chapter 5

Question 0

Cell cycle

Answer 0

The regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division that occurs in eukaryotes
Four main stages: gap1, synthesis, gap 2, and mitosis

Question 1

Apoptosis

Answer 1

Programmed cell death

Question 2

Gap 1

Answer 2

A cell carries out its normal functions of growth and development

Question 3

Synthesis

Answer 3

The cell makes a copy of its DNA

By the end of S, the cell has two sets of data

Question 4

Gap 2

Answer 4

Cells Carry out normal functions

Question 5

Mitosis

Answer 5

The division of the cells nucleus and its contents

Question 6

Cytokinesis

Answer 6

Division of the cells cytoplasm

Question 7

G1 Checkpoint

Answer 7

DNA is checked to make sure there are no genetic mistakes

Question 8

Checkpoint in the beginning of g2

Answer 8

Rechecks DNA that was just replicated to make sure there are no more mistakes

Question 9

Checkpoint during mitosis

Answer 9

Makes sure all of the chromosomes are lined up in the center of the cell

Question 10

Mitosis

Answer 10

When a cell divides its nucleus and contents

Question 11

Cytokinesis

Answer 11

The division of the cell into 2 identical daughter cells

Question 12

Chromosome packaging

Answer 12

When the chromosomes are coiled up tightly around a Histone

Question 13

Interphase

Answer 13

Provides time for the duplication of organelles and for DNA replication

Question 14

Prophase

Answer 14

Chromatin condenses into tightly coiled chromosomes

Question 15

Metaphase

Answer 15

The spindle fibers align in the equator of the cell

Question 16

Anaphase

Answer 16

Sister chromatids separate

Question 17

Telophase

Answer 17

A complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell

Question 18

Three reasons cells divide

Answer 18

For growth, replaced or damaged cells, and a source of reproduction for asexual cells

Question 19

Asexual reproduction

Answer 19

The creation of offspring from a single parent and does not involve the joining of gametes

Question 20

Sexual reproduction

Answer 20

When two gametes fuse and a genetic mixture of both parents is produced

Question 21

Budding

Answer 21

A small projection grows in the surface of the parent organism, forming a new individual

Question 22

Fragmentation

Answer 22

A parent organism splits into two pieces, which grow into a new organism

Question 23

Vegetative reproduction

Answer 23

The modification of a stem or underground structures of the parent organism. They stay connected through underground runners

Question 24

Binary fission

Answer 24

The asexual reproduction of single called organisms by division into 2 parts

Question 25

Cellular organization

Answer 25

Cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system

Question 26

Stem cells- totipotent

Answer 26

Can grow into any other cell type. Only a fertilized egg is totipotent

Question 27

Pluripotent

Answer 27

Can grow into any other cell type except for totipotent

Question 28

Multi potent

Answer 28

Can grow into cells of a closely related cell family

Question 29

Cancer cells

Answer 29

Characterized by uncontrolled cell division. Occurs when the regular cell cycle breaks down

Question 30

Carcinogen

Answer 30

Anything that is cancers causing