Chapter 5

Question 0

Pax Romana 30 BC to 180 AD

Answer 0

Roman peace by force.

Question 1

Octavian: Augustus Principate (Princep)

Answer 1

Revered implied veneration, majesty, and holiness. “First Citizen”. First emperor after Caesar.

Question 2

Cicero

Answer 2

A towering literary figure who believed in a world governed by divine and natural that human reason could perceive and human institutions reflect.

Question 3

Vergil, Aeneid

Answer 3

Most important Augustan poet. Wrote Aeneid, which was a long epic (homers odyssey)

Question 4

Horace

Answer 4

Son of a freedman. He wrote Odes. Lyric poet.

Question 5

Livy

Answer 5

Wrote about the history of Rome. Purpose was moral patriotism. He glorified Rome’s greatness and connected it with Rome’s past.

Question 6

Julio-Claudian Dynasty

Answer 6

Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero.

Birth of Christ) (Christian persecution under Nero) (Nero burned Rome

Question 7

Flavian Dynasty

Answer 7

Vespasian, Titus, Domitian. (Destruction of Rome under Titus)

Question 8

The “Good” Emperors

Answer 8

Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pirs, Marcus Arelius. (Hadrian built wall to keep out barbarians)

Question 9

Colosseum

Answer 9

Built by the Flavian Emperors. Combined arch, post, and lintel. Where gladiators fought.

Question 10

Circus Maximus

Answer 10

“Greatest Circus” Used for killing Christians but known for Chariot Races

Question 11

Eucharist

Answer 11

“Thanksgiving” Lord’s supper, Holy Communion

Question 12

Catholic

Answer 12

“Universal Church” as in majority of Christians

Question 13

Heretics

Answer 13

“Takers” of contrary positions, namely in Christianity.

Question 14

Primacy of Rome

Answer 14

Rome rises to more importance over time

Question 15

Barbarian Invasions (Germanic Tribes)

Answer 15

Weakened Rome’s defenses. Goths were most aggressive.

Question 16

Diocletian

Answer 16

From Illyria, introduced tetrachy, first in Christian Persecution, restored order and raised taxes.

Question 17

Tetrarchy

Answer 17

Coalition of four men, each responsible for a different part of the empire, established by Diocletian

Question 18

Constantine

Answer 18

Re-restores order, pagan converted to Christianity

Question 19

Constantinople

Answer 19

Founded by Constantine, big center of trade, also called second Rome

Question 20

Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Huns (Atilla)

Answer 20

Germanic barbarians, farmers, and settlers that attack Rome after being scattered by the Huns. Because Rome did not hold up their end of the deal they made with the Ostrogoths and Visigoths, they attacked Rome.

Question 21

Battle of Adrianople, 378

Answer 21

Visigoths came for a hiatus from the Huns, but fought with the Romans and won

Question 22

Theodosius I

Answer 22

Empire split under his government, and Christianity was the only legal religion.

Question 23

Byzantine

Answer 23

Had mixed culture including Eastern ideas of government, Roman/Greek culture, was a Christian civilization

Question 24

Mani, Manichaeism

Answer 24

Related to Zoroastrianism (flesh is bad, spirit is good) founder came from Persia

Question 25

Persecutions under Decius and Diocletian

Answer 25

First intense Christian Persecution

Question 26

Edict of Toleration (Edict of Milan 313)

Answer 26

Granted Christians toleration

Question 27

Arianism

Answer 27

Type of heresy, when Arius became Bishop of Alexandria, he started this idea

Question 28

Athanasius

Answer 28

Later Bishop of Alexandria saw the Arian law as an impediment to any acceptable theory of salvation, to him the most important religious question

Question 29

Council of Nicea 325

Answer 29

Located near Constantinople, Constantine called for priests to meet together to decide on correct doctrine

Question 30

Jerome: Latin Vulgate

Answer 30

Monk in Rome who went to Jerusalem to translate the Bible into Latin. Became known as the Latin Vulgate

Question 31

Augustine: Confessions, the City of God

Answer 31

Bishop of Hippo, displayed Christianity as well as pagan culture

Question 32

Fall of Rome 476

Answer 32

When Romulus Augustus was forced to retire.

Question 33

Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History

Answer 33

Father of Church History