Chapter 5

Question 1

Symbols are?

Answer 1

Arbitrary, Ambiguous, and Abstract representation of a phenom-enon. Symbols are the basis of language, much nonverbal behavior, and human thought

Question 2

Arbitrary

Answer 2

Random; not determined by necessity. Symbols are arbitrary because there is noparticular reason for any one symbol to stand for a certain referent.

Question 3

Ambiguous

Answer 3

Subject to more than one interpreta-tion. Symbols are ambiguous because their meanings vary from person to person and context to context

Question 4

What 2 rules guide communication?

Answer 4

regulative, and constitutive

Question 5

Regulative rule

Answer 5

Communication rules that regulate interaction by specifying when, how, where, and with whom to talk about certain things

Question 6

Constitutive rule

Answer 6

Communication rules that define what communication means by specifying how certain communicative acts are to be counted

Question 7

Punctuation

Answer 7

Defining the beginning and ending of inter-action or interaction episode

Question 9

Totalizing

Answer 9

useing a single term or word to define a persons whole personality

Question 10

Loaded Language

Answer 10

An extreme form of evaluative language that relies on words that strongly slant perceptions and hence meanings

Question 11

Hypothetical Thought

Answer 11

Cognitive awareness of expe-riences and ideas that are not part of the concrete, present situation; Because we can think hypothetically, we can plan, dream, remember, fantasize, set goals, and weigh alternative courses of action

Question 12

Dual Perspective

Answer 12

The ability to understand another person’s perspective, beliefs, thoughts, or feelings

Question 13

Symbolic Activities

Answer 13

Definition, Evaluation, Organization, Hypothetical Thought, Self-Reflection