Chapter 5 Flashcards
Proximal Humerus
Largest & longest bone of the upper body. Articulates with scapula to make up shoulder joint.
Head of humerus
Most proximal part of humerus
Anatomic neck
Directly below & lateral to the head. Adjoins greater & lesser tubercles
Lesser tubercle
Located on the anterior surface directly below the neck
Greater tubercle
Larger & located on lateral side of humerus
Intertuberacle groove
Located between 2 tubercles
Surgical neck
Humerus starts to taper down into shaft. More fractures happen here than anatomical neck.
2 bones of shoulder girdle
Clavicle, scapula
Connect upper limb to axial skeleton (trunk)
Sternum
Shoulder girdle joins clavicle which is anteriorly joined to upper portion
How is the shoulder girdle joined to scapula
By muscles joined to axial skeleton
Acromial extremity
Lateral end of clavicle articulates with acromion of scapula
Acromioclavicular Joint (AC)
Articulation of the acromial extremity
Sternal extremity
Medial portion of the clavicle. Articulates with mandibrum of sternum
Sternoclavicular Joint
Articulate of sternal extremity
Female clavicle is ______ than males
shorter and less curved
Medial border
Located closest to vertebrae from scapula
Superior border
Upper most portion of the scapula
Lateral border
Located most lateral to midline next to armpit
Lateral angle
Head of scapula, thickest part and ends with glenoid cavity. Head of humerus articulates with scapula (scapulohumeral joint/ shoulder joint)
Superior angle
Superior angle of the medial border
Inferior angle
Inferior angle of the medial border
Body of scapula
Known as blade- is arched for strength
Costal surface
Anterior surface of scapula- closest to ribs
Acromion
Long curved process that extends laterally over head of humerus
Corocoid process
Thick beak like process that projects anteriorly beneath clavicle
Scapular notch
Notch on superior border and partially made up by base of corcoid process
Dorsal surface
posterior surface of scapula
Scapular spine
posterior of scapula (prominent structure). Starts @ medial border & finishes @ acromion
Scapula’s 2 fossas
Infraspinous (below)
Supraspinous (above)
Where muscles attach
Easiest bone in body to break
Clavicle
KVP Shoulder Technique
70-80 With grid
Shoulder Techniques
High MA, short exposure time, small focal spot, 40”
AC Joint SID
72”
Kyphotic geriatric patients
Vary techniques a bit lower to adjust osterportic bone bass. May need to angle because they can’t stand straight
Hill Sachs defect
Compression fracture involving surface of humeral head.
Dislocations of the shoulder
Impacted fracture
Bony fragment wedged into another fragment.
Shoulder & hip fractures
Articular fracture
Involving joint space
Pathological fracture
Due to bone destruction caused by disease (cancer).
May be caused by routine activities like putting on a coat.
Fracture dislocation
Fracture accompanied by bone out of joint
AC dislocation
Distal clavicle is displaced superiority causing widening of AC joint space
Rotator cuff tear
Injury to 1 or more muscles that make up rotator cuff
Tendinitis
Inflammation of tendon
Bursitis
Inflammation of bursa or fluid filled sacs enclosing the joints
Dislocation/ luxation
Dislocation of a bone from a joint
Subluxation
Partial dislocation
