CHAPTER 5

Question 1

Cells of Connective Tissue

Answer 1

Fibroblast
Adipocytes
Macrophages & the Mononuclear
Mast Cells
Plasma Cells
Leukocytes

Question 2

3 Main Types of Fibers

Answer 2

collagen
Reticular
Elastic

Question 3

The ______________ of the ECM is a highly hydrated (with much bound water), transparent, complex mixture of three major kinds of macromolecules.

Answer 3

ground substance

Question 4

three major kinds of macromolecules in ground substance

Answer 4

glycasaminoglycans
proteoglycans
multiadhesive glycoproteins

Question 5

Types of Connective Tissue

Answer 5

Connective Tissue Proper
Reticular Tissue
Mucoid Tissue

Question 6

most common cells in connective tissue proper that synthesize and secrete collagen (most abundant protein in the body) and elastin, and multiadhesive glycoproteins that comprise ground subtance

Answer 6

Fibroblast

Question 7

aka fat cells specialized for cytoplasmic storage of lipid as neutral fats, serves to cushion and insulate the skin

Answer 7

Adipocytes

Question 8

aka histiocytes by pathologists; have highly developed phagocytic ability and specialize in turnover of protein fibers and removal of apoptopic cells, tissue debris, or other particulate material, abundant in the sites of inflammation

Answer 8

Macrophages

Question 9

they function in the localized release of many bioactive substances important in the local inflammatory response, innate immunity, and tissue repair

Answer 9

Mast Cells

Question 10

are B lymphocyte-derived, antibody-producing cells; responsible for the synthesis of immunoglobulin antibodies

Answer 10

Plasma Cells

Question 11

derived from circulating blood cells; they leave blood by migrating between the endothelial cells of venule to enter connective tissue.

Answer 11

Leukocytes

Question 12

are distributed unequally among the different types of connective tissue, with the predominant fiber type conferring most specific tissue properties

Answer 12

Fibers

Question 13

constitute a family of proteins selected during evolution for their ability to form various extracellular fibers, sheets, and networks, all of which extremely strong and resistant to normal shearing and tearing forces

Answer 13

Collagens

Question 14

consist mainly of collagen type III; which forms an extensive network (reticulum) of thin fibers for the support of many different cells

Answer 14

reticular fibers

Question 15

form sparse networks interspersed with collagen bundles in many organs, particularly those subject to regular stretching or bending

Answer 15

Elastic Fibers

Question 16

is common, forming a layer beneath the epithelial lining of many organs and filling the spaces between fibers of muscles and nerve; aka areolar tissue

Answer 16

Loose Connective Tissue

Question 17

is filled primarily with randomly distributed bundles of type I collagen, with some elastic fibers, providing resistance to tearing from all directions as well as some elasticity.

Answer 17

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 18

prominent in tendons and ligaments, features bundles of essentially parallel type I collagen, providing great strength (but little stretch) in binding together components of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 18

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 19

is a gel-like connective tissue with few cells found most abundantly around blood vessels in the umbilical cord

Answer 19

Mucoid Tissue