Chapter 5

Question 1

What are macromolecules?

Answer 1

Large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms

Question 2

What are polymers?

Answer 2

Long molecules consisting of many similar building blocks

Question 3

What are monomers?

Answer 3

Small, individual building block molecules

Question 4

What is a dehydration reaction?

Answer 4

When two monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule (forming a new bond)

Question 5

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 5

A reaction that is essentially the reverse of the dehydration reaction (adds a water molecule, breaking a bond)

Question 6

Storage polysaccharides

Answer 6

• Starch
• Glycogen

Question 7

Structural polysaccharides

Answer 7

• Cellulose (alpha and beta)
• Chitin

Question 8

What are the three types of lipids?

Answer 8

1) Fats
2) Phospholipids
3) Steroids

Question 9

Saturated vs. Unsaturated fats

Answer 9

Saturated: Have maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and no double bonds
Unsaturated: Have one or more double bonds

Question 10

What is trans fat?

Answer 10

Fat artificially converted from unsaturated to saturated