chapter 5 Flashcards
A brush border of microvilli is found in ________ epithelium, which can be found in the ________.
simple columnar; small intestine
A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) ________, a nerve fiber refers to a(n) ________, and a muscle fiber refers to a(n) ________.
complex of macromolecules; part of a cell; entire cell
A thin, stained slice of tissue mounted on a microscope is called a ________.
histological section
After six months of lifting weights at the gym, you notice that some of your muscles have increased in size. This increase in size is due to ________ of muscle cells.
hypertrophy
All cells in ________ epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.
pseudostratified columnar
An epithelium whose cells are tall and narrow, with each one touching the basement membrane and reaching the apical surface, is called ________ epithelium.
simple columnar
An example of a highly vascular tissue is ________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is ________.
areolar; cartilage
Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because ________.
smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract
Blood functions to ________.
transport nutrients to the tissues
Collagenous fibers are very abundant in ________.
tendons, ligaments, and the deeper portion of the skin
Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both ________ and ________.
dense regular; dense irregular connective tissues
Found in the urinary bladder, ________ epithelium resembles ________ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.
transitional; stratified squamous
Glands that have branched ducts and secretory cells that form sacs at one end of the ducts are classified as ________ glands.
compound acinar
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) help give the ground substance some of its qualities, including ________.
holding water and maintaining electrolyte balance
In the intestine, ________ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them
tight junctions
It is normal for breasts to shrink after lactation ceases. This is a consequence of ________ in human breast cells.
apoptosis
Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have ________.
hyperextensible joints
Most biologists see embryonic stem (ES) cells as a possible treatment for diseases that result from the loss of functional cells. This possibility is based on the fact that ES cells are ________ stem cells.
totipotent
Most kidney tubules are made of ________ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion.
simple cuboidal
Most membranes are composed of two or three tissue types. However, an example of an exception is the ________ membrane.
synovial