Chapter 5 Flashcards
Which joint is the only saddle joint in the whole body
Carpometacarpal joint of 1st digit (CMC joint)
What type of joint are all the joints in the upper extremity
Synovial joints
What other type of joint is the intercarpal joints?
Gliding type
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joints
Ellipsoidal
What type of joint is the elbow joint
Hinge joint
What type of joint is the shoulder joint
Ball & socket
How many phalanges in the hand
14
How many carpal bones in the hand
8
What are the names of the proximal carpal bones - lateral to medial
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
What are the names of the distal carpal bones - lateral to medial
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
What two methods do you use to view the scaphoid bone
Stetcher method & ulnar deviation
2-5 digits joint names from tip of the finger to carpal bones
Distal interphalangeal
Proximal interphalangeal
Metacarpophalangeal
Carpometacarpal
1st digit joint from tip of finger to carpals
Interphalangeal
Metacarpophalangeal
Carpometacarpal
What joints are in the carpal bones
Intercarpals
What joint is between the carpals & radius
Radiocarpal
What joint is between the radius & ulna
Radioulnar
Where will the CR be directed for 2nd-5th digits
PIP joint
Where is CR directed for 1st digit
1st CMC joint
How will the hand be rotated for a thumb projection
Medially
Where will the CR be directed for a hand X-ray
3rd MCP joint
Where will the CR be directed for a wrist X-ray
Midcarpal area
What is the stetcher method
Use of a sponge placed under the IR to angle it 20° (preferred) or tilt the tube 20° towards the hand to view the scaphoid
What is the name of the method for imaging the carpal tunnel
Gaynor Hart Method or Tangential Carpal Tunnel
How much do you angle for Gaynor Hart Method
25°-30°
How do you position the hand for Gaynor Hart Method
Hyperextend wrist and have patient pull back fingers with opposite hand
Where does the CR enter for Gaynor Hart Method
Distal end of 3rd metacarpal
Where are the styloid processes located on the radius and ulna
Distal end (connecting to wrist)
What is the largest proximal carpal bone
Scaphoid
What is the largest most centrally located carpal bone
Capitate
What do you use the Gaynor hart method to view
Median nerve for carpal tunnel
Which carpal bone must be seen on an AP projection of the thumb
Trapezium
Which bone is on the medial side of the forearm
Ulna
Which bone is on the lateral side of the forearm
Radius
Where is the olecranon process located,
Posterior side of the proximal end of the Ulna
Where is the coronoid process located
Anterior side of the proximal end of the ulna
Where is the styloid processes of the ulna & radius located
Distal end - connects to wrist
Where is the radial head
Proximal
Where is the ulnar head located
Distal end
What are the 3 joints of the elbow
Humeroulnar
Humeroradial
Proximal radioulnar
Which portion of the humerus articulated with the radial head
Capitulum
For AP forearm, is the hand supinated or pronated
Supinated
At what level should the table be for a lateral forearm
Shoulder level
What does the medial oblique of the elbow show
Coronoid process
What does the lateral oblique of the elbow show
Radial head/neck & the capitulum
When should you do partial flexions for an AP elbow
When patient cannot bend their arm
What’s another name for Axiolateral
Coyle Method
What does the Coyle Method angles towards the shoulder show
Radial head
What does the Coyle Method angled away from the shoulder show
Coronoid process
How far above humeral head should Light be for a lateral humerus
1.5 inches
Which projection of the elbow shows the olecranon process in profile
Lateral
Lateral obliqued elbow shows
Radial head, neck, tuberosity & projected free of the ulna
How much of an angle can the CR have for an ulnar deviation to see the scaphoid if needed
10°-15°
Boxers fracture
5th metacarpal fracture
How much light from CR should be shown for an elbow
3 inches above & below
1 inch on side
How much light from CR should be shown for a wrist
2.5 inches below & above
1 inch on sides
10 joints of the upper limbs have what
Synovial tissue & are freely moving
Why would you flex fingers during a hand X-ray
Foreshortens phalanges & opens 2nd-5th digits joints
What are phalanges
Long bones
What artery carries blood to the hand
Radial artery
What is the scaphoid bone under
Snuffbox indention
What is the most common bone to fracture
Scaphoid bone
Intertubercular groove is also called
Bicipital groove
What do elbow injuries cause
Effusion & displaced fat pads
Norgaard Method
Ball Catchers position
What is the Norgaard method used for
Detect changes of MCP joint seen with rheumatoid arthritis
What kind of kVp does the AP elbow need
Low - wide exposure due to soft tissue
What size IR do the hand wrist finger & elbow use
10 x 12
What size IR do humerus & forearm use
14 x 17
How should hand be positioned for medial obliqued elbow
Hand should be palm down
How should the hand be placed for lateral obliqued elbow
Palm facing up with 1st & 2nd digits touching the table
Steve left the party to take Carol home
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
