Chapter 5

Question 1

In psychology, the biologically influences characteristics by which people define male, female, and intersex

Answer 1

Sex

Question 2

In psychology, the behavioral characteristics that people associate with boy, girl, man, and woman.

Answer 2

Gender

Question 3

Possessing male and female biological sexual characteristics at birth

Answer 3

Intersex

Question 4

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally

Answer 4

Aggression

Question 5

An act of aggression (physical or verbal) intended to harm a person’s relationship or social standing

Answer 5

Relational Aggression

Question 6

The sex chromosome found in females and males. Females typically have two, and males typically have one. One from each parent produces a female child.

Answer 6

X chromosome

Question 7

The sex chromosome typically only found in males

Answer 7

Y chromosome

Question 8

The most important male sex hormone. Males and females have it, but the additional amount in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs during the fetal period, and he development of male sex characteristics during puberty.

Answer 8

Testosterone

Question 9

Sex hormones, such as estradiol, that contribute to female sex characteristics and are secreted in greater amounts by females than by males.

Answer 9

Estrogens

Question 10

The period of sexual maturation, when a person usually becomes capable of reproducing

Answer 10

Puberty

Question 11

The body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible

Answer 11

Primary sex characteristics

Question 12

Non-reproductive sexual traits, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality, and body hair

Answer 12

Secondary sex characteristics

Question 13

The first ejaculation

Answer 13

Spermarche

Question 14

The first menstrual period

Answer 14

Menarche

Question 15

A set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Answer 15

Role

Question 16

A set of expected behaviors, attitudes, and traits for men and for women

Answer 16

Gender Roles

Question 17

Any physical or verbal behavior of a sexual nature that in unwanted or intended to harm someone physically or emotionally. Can be expressed as either sexual harassment or sexual assault

Answer 17

Sexual Aggression

Question 18

Our personal sense of being male, female, neither, or some combination of male and female

Answer 18

Gender Identity

Question 19

The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

Answer 19

Social Learning Theory

Question 20

The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

Answer 20

Gender Typing

Question 21

Blending traditionally masculine and traditionally feminine psychological characteristics

Answer 21

Androgyny

Question 22

An umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth-assigned sex

Answer 22

Transgender

Question 23

Our thoughts, feeling, and actions related to our physical attraction to another

Answer 23

Sexuality

Question 24

Having no sexual attraction towards others

Answer 24

Asexual

Question 25

The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson

Answer 25

Sexual Response Cycle

Question 26

The genital areas become engorged with blood, causing a woman’s clitoris and a man’s penis to swell. A woman’s vagina expands and secretes lubricant; her breasts and nipples may enlarge.

Answer 26

Excitement

Question 27

Excitement peaks as breathing, pulse, and blood pressure rates continue to increase. A man’s penis becomes fully engorged—to an average length of 5.6 inches. Some fluid—frequently containing enough live sperm to enable conception—may appear at its tip. A woman’s vaginal secretion continues to increase, and her clitoris retracts. Orgasm feels imminent.

Answer 27

Plateau

Question 28

Muscle contractions appear all over the body and are accompanied by further increases in breathing, pulse, and blood pressure rates. The pleasurable feeling of sexual release is much the same for men and women.

Answer 28

Orgasm

Question 29

The body gradually returns to its unaroused state as the genital blood vessels release their accumulated blood.

Answer 29

Resolution

Question 30

In human sexuality, a resting period that occurs after orgasm, during which a person cannot achieve another orgasm

Answer 30

Refractory Period

Question 31

A problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning at any point in the sexual response cycle.

Answer 31

Sexual Dysfunctions

Question 32

Inability to develop or maintain an erection due to insufficient blood flow to the penis

Answer 32

Erectile Disorder

Question 33

Distress due to infrequently or never experiencing orgasm

Answer 33

Female Orgasmic Disorder

Question 34

Sexual arousal from fantasies, behaviors, or urges involving nonhuman objects, the suffering of self or others, and/or nonconsenting persons.

Answer 34

Paraphilias

Question 35

A culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations

Answer 35

Social Scripts

Question 36

The directions of our sexual attractions, as reflected in our longings and fantasies

Answer 36

Sexual Orientation