Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

how are MeOH and EtOH obtained

A

from biological sources and are synthetically used in the lab/industry

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2
Q

what is the -OH group the same as

A

the H-OH group, we will se similarities and differences between ROH and water

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3
Q

how is MeOH manufactured

A

via “destructive distillation”

  • heat wood to 250 C without air
  • large molecules of wood degrade to smaller molecules and one is MeOH

called wood alcohol

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4
Q

does MeOH have a high or low bp

A

low

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5
Q

fun facts about methanol

A
  • toxic to eat

- colorless liquid

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6
Q

how is MeOH collected

A

via distillation

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7
Q

equation for MeOH

A

CO + H2 = MeOH

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8
Q

EtOH is in

A

alcoholic beverages

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9
Q

how is EtOH made

A

via yeast fermentation of aqueous sugars and starches (corn, rice, potato, grain)

called grain alcohol

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10
Q

what does fermentation of EtOH use

A

enzymes

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11
Q

equation for EtOH

A

grain => EtOH & CO2 (enzyme catalyzed

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12
Q

fun facts about ethanol

A
  • can be used as fuel

- less toxic when ingested than methanol

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13
Q

MeOH and EtOH physical similarities

A
  • evaporate easily
  • flammable
  • less dense than H2O
  • miscible with H2O
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14
Q

MeOH, EtOH & H2O

A

relatively high boiling point

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15
Q

what are polyols

A

more than one OH group

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16
Q

what is ethylene glycol

A

antifreeze

17
Q

what is the conjugate base of ROH

A

-RO

18
Q

example of a reaction with methanol

A

MeOH + base => MeO- + Base-H

19
Q

what is MeOH in terms of acids and bases and why

A

MeOH is a bronsted acid, and it donates a H+ proton to the base

20
Q

example of a strong base

A

amide (NH2)

21
Q

why are strong bases important

A

equilibrium lies to weaker acid/base

so you need a strong enough base

22
Q

what is most manufactured MeOH converted to

A

formaldehyde

23
Q

formaldehyde reaction

A

MeOH + O2 => formaldehyde and water

24
Q

oxidation

A

loss of electrons

gaining oxygen or removing H

25
Q

reduction

A

gain of electrons

gaining hydrogen or loosing oxygen