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Hazmat Operations > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Scene control is paramount at all emergencies?

A

True

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2
Q

What is size-up?

A

Rapid mental process of evaluating the critical visual indicators of the incident, processing the info based on your training and experience, and ariving at a conclusion that will serve as the basis to form and implement a plan of action

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3
Q

(CHIEF CONCEPTS) The acronym SIN is a good place to start in a hazmat response, what does it stand for?

A
  • S - Safety
  • I - Isolate
  • N - Notify
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4
Q

When looking at the safety in SIN, what are some things you must do?

A
  • Stay upwind, uphill, and out of the problem
  • Obtain a briefing from those involved in the incident before taking action
  • Understand the nature of the problem and the factors influencing the release.
  • Attempt to identify the release substance
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5
Q

When looking at the isolation in SIN, what are some things you must do?

A
  • Isolate and deny entry to the scene
  • First priority is to seperate the people from the problem
  • Establish command post in an area where you are protected and have access to communications
  • Determine response objectives, choose strategy, and begin to formulate action plan
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6
Q

When looking at the notify in SIN, what are some things you must do?

A

Decide whether you need to notify anyone else, like specialized responders, police, or other technical experts

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7
Q

What does DECIDE stand for

A
  • Detect hazardous materials
  • Estimate likely harm without intervention
  • Choose response objectives
  • Identify action options
  • Do best option
  • Evaluate progress
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8
Q

When looking for guidance on protective actionsm or as a starting point for gathering info about a released substance, what should a responder consult?

A

The Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)

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9
Q

What is a control zone and when is it established?

A
  • Areas at a hazmat incident that are designated as hot, warm, or cold based on safety issues and the degree of the hazard
  • Established at a hazmat incident based on chemical and physical properties of the released material, the environmental factors at the time of release and the layout of the scene
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10
Q

If an incident in inside a structure, what is the best place to control access?

A

The doors

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11
Q

True or False: As the incident commander gets more info about the specifics of the material involved, the control zones may change

A

True

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12
Q

What is the hot zone in a control zone?

A
  • The area immediately surrounding the release, which is the most contaminated area
  • All personnel must wear complete, appropriate PPE and equipment
  • All personnel must be fully decontaminated when leaving the hot zone
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13
Q

What is the warm zone in a control zone?

A
  • Where personnel and equipment transition into and out of the hot zone, as well as the decontamination area
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14
Q

What is the cold zone in a control zone?

A
  • Safe area where personnel do not need to wear any special PPE for safe operation
  • Contains personnel staging, command post, EMS, and the area for medical monitoring, support and or treatment after decon
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15
Q

What is emergency decontamination?

A

Process of getting the bulk of contaminants off a person as quickly and completely as possible in order to limit or reduce adverse effects

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16
Q

What are the steps of emergency decontamination?

A
  1. Ensure that you have proper PPE
  2. Stay clear of product and avoid contact if possible
  3. Direct victim out of hazard zone
  4. Instruct victim in removing contaminated clothing
  5. Rinse victim with copious amounts of water
  6. Provide or obtain medical treatment for the victim
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17
Q

What is the buddy system?

A
  • Required by OSHA, no fewer than 2 responders can enter a contaminated area
  • 2 in, 2 out
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18
Q

When considering evacuation, what are some factors an IC should consider?

A
  • Nature and duration of release, nature of evacuees (age, underyling health status, mobility), ability to provide basic services, aand transportation challenges
  • Schools, fairgrounds and sports arenas are used as shelters
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19
Q

What is sheltering-in-place?

A
  • Method of safeguarding people by keeping them in an enclosed atmosphere, usually in a structure.
  • Remain indoors with windows closed
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20
Q

True or False: In a hazmat incident, all responders must first reccognize and indentify the released substance

A

True

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21
Q

When doing search and rescue, teams must….

A
  • Be wearing proper PPE
  • When removing the victims, bring them to the warm zone for decon and to be turned over to EMS
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22
Q

True or False: Before actions are taken, a written safety plan is completed and a verbal safety briefing is performed

A

True

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23
Q

What are some things that a safety briefing informs responders of?

A
  • Health hazards
  • Incident objectives
  • Emergency medical procedures
  • Radio frequencies and emergency signals
  • Description of the site
  • What PPE to be worn
24
Q

What is the definition and what are the signs and symptoms of and what should be done for those experiencing heat exhaustion?

A
  • Mild form of shock that arises when the circulatory system begins to fail because the body becomes overheated
  • Signs and symptoms are: core temperature rises, weakness and sweating. May also become dizzy and have blurred vision
  • Remove from heated environment, rehydrate with electrolyte solutions and keep cool
25
Q

True or False: When treating heat related illnesses, you should avoid pouring cold water on them or putting them in an usually cold environment

A

True

26
Q

What is heat stroke, what are the signs and symptoms, and what should be done for those suffering from it?

A
  • A severe and potentially fatal condition resulting from the failure of the temperature regulating capacity of the body.
  • Reduction or cessation of sweating is an early symptom. Body temperature can rise to 105 F and have a rapid pulse; red skin, headache, confusion, unconsciousness or seizures.
  • It is a true medical emergency, should immediately transport to hospital
27
Q

(CHIEF CONCEPTS) What are the 2 types of cold temperatures that responders may be exposed to?

A
  1. Cold caused by the released materials
  2. Cold caused by the operating environment
28
Q

True or False: Wet clothing can extract heat from the body 240 times faster than dry clothing and can lead to hypothermia (body temperature falls below 95 F)

A

True

29
Q

What is the Incident Command System (ICS)?

A
  • An all-risk management structure suitable for managing resources at all types of emergencies of virtually any size
  • Developed by FIRESCOPE
30
Q

What are some of the benefits of ICS?

A
  • Common terminology
  • Consistent organizational structure
  • Consistent position titles
  • Common incident facilities
31
Q

True or False: OSHA HAZWOPER requires that ICS be implemented for all hazmat incidents

A

True

32
Q

What are the 5 fuctions of ICS?

A
  1. Command
  2. Operations
  3. Planning
  4. Logistics
  5. Finance/Administration
33
Q

When is command established in ICS?

A
  • Command is established when the 1st unit arrives on scene and is maintained until the last unit leaves
34
Q

What is command responsible for?

A
  • Strategy
  • Selecting incident tactics
  • Creating action plan
  • Developing ICS organization
  • Managing resources
  • Coordinating resource activities
  • Providing for scene safety (Can be passed to safety officer)
  • Release info about incident (can pass to public information officer)
  • Coordinating with outside agencies (Can pass to liason officer)
35
Q

What is unified command?

A

An ICS system that allows reps from multiple jurisdictions and agenices to share command, to share common authority

36
Q

True or False: ICS can be expanded to handle an incident of any size and complexity

A

True

37
Q

What is the Incident Commander (IC)?

A

Person in charge of the incident; responsible for all decisions relating to incident

38
Q

What is the incident command post (ICP)?

A
  • Where the IC is located and where coordination, control, and communications are centralized
  • Located in area not effected by the incident
  • ICP should be uphill and upwind
39
Q

What does the command staff consist of?

A
  • Safety officer
  • Liason officer
  • Public information officer
40
Q

True or False: The IC and safety officer must be staffed at all hazmat incidents

A

True

41
Q

What is the saftey officer responsible for?

A

The safety of the hazmat team only

42
Q

What is the liason officer?

A

Point of contact for cooperating and assisting agencies on scene

43
Q

What is the public information officer (PIO)?

A

Point of contact for the media or any other entity seeking info about the incident.

44
Q

True or False: When the incident is too large or complex for one person, the IC may assign other individuals to oversee parts of the incident

A

True.

45
Q

What is the operations section of the ICS?

A
  • Responsible for all tactical operations and carries out objectives developed by the IC
  • Led by operations section chief
46
Q

(CHIEF CONCEPTS) Why are groups and divisions established?

A
  • In order to aggregate single resources or crews under one supervisor
  • Meant to maintain effective span of control
47
Q

What is the difference between a group and a division?

A
  • A group is assembled to relieve span of control issues
  • A division refers to companies and crews that are working in the same geographic locations
48
Q

What is a hazardous material branch?

A
  • Special technical group developed under the operations section
49
Q

What are some things the hazardous materials branch consists of?

A
  • Group supervisor
  • Entry team for hot zone
  • Decontamination team for reducing and preventing the spread of contaminants
  • Technical reference team that gathers info and reports to the IC and hazmat safety officer
50
Q

What is the planning section of the ICS?

A
  • Responsible for the collection, evaluation, dissemination, and use of info relevant to the incident
  • Led by planning section chief
  • Collects info on status of event, tracking and logging of resources, and disseminating the written action plan
51
Q

What is the logistics section?

A
  • Responsible for providing facilities, services, and materials for the incident
    *
52
Q

What is the finance/administration section?

A
  • Tracks the costs related to incident, handles procurement issues, records times personnel are on scene for billing, and keeps running cost of incident.
53
Q

What are the 3 hazardous materials incident levels?

A
  1. Level 1 - Lowest threat level
  2. Level 2 - Medium threat level
  3. Level 3 - Highest threat level
54
Q

(CHIEF CONCEPTS) True or False: The ops level responder responds to hazmat incidents for purpose of implementing or supporting actions to protect nearby persons, the environment, or property from the effects of the release

A

True

55
Q
A

Hazmat Operations (7 decks)

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