Chapter 12 Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is the definition of confinement?
The process of attempting to keep the hazardous material within the immediate area of release.
What are some of the ways that confinement can be accomplished?
With damming or diking, or with vapor suppression with foam.
What is the definition of containment?
Actions that stop the hazardous material from leaking or escaping its container.
What are some examples of containment?
Plugging or patching a leak or righting an overturned container.
When you are considering the control options, what type of process should be used to determine control options?
Risk-based process. Think of the positives and negatives.
True or False: No action is never the right move.
False, sometimes, no action is the safest course. May be prudent to establish a perimeter and let it stabilize on its own
What is the definition of absorption?
Process where a spongy material or special spill pad are used to soak up a liquid hazardous material. Mixture of absorbant and hazardous material are disposed of together.
When is the only time absorption is effective?
On even surfaces
Why is absorption a challenge for responders?
Need to be in close proximity.
What is adsorption?
The contaminant adheres to the surface of an added material rather than combining(which is what absorption does).
What are some examples of spill equipment?
- Booms, socks, rolls
What is the definition of damming?
Containment tecchnique that’s used when liquid is flowing in a natural channel or depression and its progress can be stopped by blocking the channel.
What are the three kinds of damming?
- Complete dam
- Overflow dam
- underflow dam
What is a complete dam?
Placed across a small stream or ditch to completely stop flow of material
What is an overflow dam?
Used to contain materials that are heavier than water (Specific gravity>1). Pipe is installed at the top, letting the water on the top flow through and the material that sank to the bottom to stay there.

What is an underflow dam?
Used to contain materials that are lighter than water (specific gravity<1). Constructed so that water flows under dam.

What is the definition of diking?
Placement of a select material such as sand, dirt or concrete so as to form a barrier that will keep a liquid hazardous material from entering an area or keeping a material in a specific location.

What is the definition of dilution?
Addition of water or other substance to weaken the strength or concentration of a hazardous material
What needs to be known to use dilution?
The identity of the material and the properties
What is a concern of using dilution?
It may just increase the volume.
What is the definition of diversion?
Technique meant to redirect the flow of liquid away from an endangered area to an area that will have less impact.
What is the definition of retention?
Process of creating a defined area to hold hazardous materials

What is a remote valve shut-off?
A valve that provides a way to remotely shut down a system or isolate a leaking fitting or valve. Found at fixed facilities, piped systems and on many types of cargo containers.
What do MC-306/DOT-406 cargo tanks carry and where is the remote valve shut-off?
Carries flammable and combustible liquids and class B posions. The shut-off is located at the front of the tank on the drivers side and the bakc of the tank on the passengers side

