Chapter 48 Obesity Flashcards
Obesity is a chronic and relapsing disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of __ fat and __ gain.
body fat
weight gain
Dysfunctional adipose tissue cells release biochemical mediators that cause chronic inflammatory changes, which can lead to a multitude of diseases, including heart disease, hypertension, and type __ diabetes
type 2
vital signs including serial assessments of weight, height, and BMI.
diet and exercise history
assessment of life stressors that may drive dietary habits (ex low self-esteem, impaired body image)
assessment for the presence of comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and dyslipidemia.
These are __ done by the nurse
assessments done to diagnose patient with obesity
treatment of obesity generally includes __ modifications, pharmacological treatment, and nonsurgical or surgical interventions.
lifestyle
There are 5 antiobesity medications that may be prescribed over the long term to assist in decreasing and then maintaining a lower __. Of these only one orlistat (Xenical) was FDA approved.
BMI
depression may contribute to weight __, and treatment of the depression with an antidepressant agent may be helpful
gain
patients may elect to pursue minimally invasive interventions that were approved by the FDA in 2015. These types of interventions include __ blocking or intragastric __ therapy.
vagal
balloon
__ surgery is considered only after medical management has failed.
bariatric
gastric restriction procedures include __ bypass and __ banded gastroplasty
gastric
vertical
body contouring after weight loss involves lipoplasty to remove __ deposits or panniculectomy to remove excess abdominal skinfolds
fat
Patients identified as overweight have body mass indexes BMI of __ to __ kg/m2
those who are considered obese have a BMI greater than __
25-29.9
30
obesity-related mortality rates are __ greater for every gain of 5 kg/m2 of body mass beyond a BMI of 25 kg/m2
30%
Patients with extreme obesity are at higher risk for health complications such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, hypertension, gall bladder disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea and other __ problems, and some forms of cancer
breathing
Most insurance companies will authorize bariatric surgery only after an obese patient tries __ to __ months of a medically supervised diet that fails to reach its weight loss goal.
6-18 months
patient selection for bariatric surgery is critical; therefore, patients need counseling __and after __ surgery.
before
after
bariatric surgical procedures work by restricting a patients ability to __ and interfering with ingested nutrient __
eat
absorption
Different bariatric surgical procedures entail different __ modifications, and patients must be well informed about the specific lifestyle __, eating habits, and bowel habits that may result from a particular procedure.
lifestyle
changes