Chapter 47 - CNS Exam Flashcards
Difficulty swallowing
Dysphagia
An ________ is a test that uses scalp electrodes to evaluate brain activity
electroencephalogram
A patient might say his leg feels like it is asleep to describe a _______
paresthesia
Abnormal flexion posturing when eliciting best motor response is called _____ posturing
decorticate
Abnormal extension posturing when eliciting best motor response is called _____ posturing
decerebrate
_______ is the term that describes unequal pupils
Anisocoria
Involuntary eye movement
nystagmus
Permanent muscle contractions
contractures
Difficulty speaking because of muscle dysfunction
dysarthria
Patients who have difficulty speaking after a stroke are experiencing _____
aphasia
What does the cerebrum control?
Information storage
What does the medulla oblongata control?
Respiratory center
What does the occipital lobe control?
Vision center
What does the cerebellum control?
Equilibrium and coordination
What does the temporal lobe control?
Speech
Which of the following parts of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body?
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Neurolemma
d) Synapse
b) Axon
Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands?
a) Afferent
b) Efferent
b) Efferent
Which part of the brain controls breathing?
a) Medulla
b) Cerebellum
c) Cerebrum
d) Thalamus
a) Medulla
When a neurologist asks a patient to smile, which cranial nerve is being tested?
a) II optic
b) VII facial
c) X vagus
d) XI accessory
b) VII facial
The neurologist tests the fourth (trochlear) and sixth (abducens) crainial nerves together by having a patient do which of the following?
a) Turn his head to the right and left
b) Identify whispering in his ears
c) Say “ahhh.”
d) Follow his finger with his eyes
d) Follow his finger with his eyes
Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system activation?
a) Tachycardia, dilated pupils
b) Increased peristalsis, abdominal cramping
c) Hypoglycemia, headache
d) Pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction
a) Tachycardia, dilated pupils
Which neurotransmitter mediates the sympathetic response?
a) Acetylcholine
b) Prostaglandin
c) Norepinephrine
d) Serotonin
c) Norepinephrine
Which of the following actions are controlled by nerves exiting from the cervical portion of the spinal cord? (Select all that apply)
a) Blinking
b) Writing
c) Sticking out the tongue
d) Nodding
e) Urinating
f) Homans’ sign
b) Writing
d) Nodding
The nurse is assisting a patient to prepare for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a) Administer enemas until clear
b) Remove all metal jewelry
c) Position the patient on his or her side
d) Remove the patient’s dentures
c) Position the patient on his or her side
When caring for a patient who has just undergone a lumbar puncture, which of the following nursing actions takes the highest priority?
a) Have the patient lie flat for 6 to 8 hours
b) Keep the patient NPO for 4 hours
c) Monitor the patient’s pedal pulses q4h
d) Encourage the patient to deep breathe and cough
a) Have the patient lie flat for 6 to 8 hours
A patient is scheduled for an MRI and asks what to expect. Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
a) “It is the measurement of muscle contraction after stimulation by tiny needle electrodes.”
b) “Electrodes will be placed on your scalp to measure activity of the brain.”
c) “A scan of your brain will be done after injection of a radioisotope.”
d) “You’ll be placed in a scanner that uses magnetic energy to visualize internal parts.”
d) “You’ll be placed in a scanner that uses magnetic energy to visualize internal parts.”
A nurse is providing care for a patient scheduled for a computerized tomography scan (CT scan) of the brain. Which of the following statements should be included in the patient teaching? (Select all that apply)
a) “You will need to lie still for one to two hours during the exam.”
b) “Notify the staff if you have any nausea, sweating, or itching during the exam.”
c) “Mild sedation can be given if you become agitated.”
d) “You may have a feeling of warmth throughout your body after the dye is injected.”
e) “The table may be moved to various positions during the test.”
f) “This test can’t be used if you have any metal in your body.”
b, c, d, e, f