Chapter 47 - CNS Exam

Question 1

Difficulty swallowing

Answer 1

Dysphagia

Question 2

An ________ is a test that uses scalp electrodes to evaluate brain activity

Answer 2

electroencephalogram

Question 3

A patient might say his leg feels like it is asleep to describe a _______

Answer 3

paresthesia

Question 4

Abnormal flexion posturing when eliciting best motor response is called _____ posturing

Answer 4

decorticate

Question 5

Abnormal extension posturing when eliciting best motor response is called _____ posturing

Answer 5

decerebrate

Question 6

_______ is the term that describes unequal pupils

Answer 6

Anisocoria

Question 7

Involuntary eye movement

Answer 7

nystagmus

Question 8

Permanent muscle contractions

Answer 8

contractures

Question 9

Difficulty speaking because of muscle dysfunction

Answer 9

dysarthria

Question 10

Patients who have difficulty speaking after a stroke are experiencing _____

Answer 10

aphasia

Question 11

What does the cerebrum control?

Answer 11

Information storage

Question 12

What does the medulla oblongata control?

Answer 12

Respiratory center

Question 13

What does the occipital lobe control?

Answer 13

Vision center

Question 14

What does the cerebellum control?

Answer 14

Equilibrium and coordination

Question 15

What does the temporal lobe control?

Answer 15

Speech

Question 16

Which of the following parts of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body?

a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Neurolemma
d) Synapse

Answer 16

b) Axon

Question 17

Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands?

a) Afferent
b) Efferent

Answer 17

b) Efferent

Question 18

Which part of the brain controls breathing?

a) Medulla
b) Cerebellum
c) Cerebrum
d) Thalamus

Answer 18

a) Medulla

Question 19

When a neurologist asks a patient to smile, which cranial nerve is being tested?

a) II optic
b) VII facial
c) X vagus
d) XI accessory

Answer 19

b) VII facial

Question 20

The neurologist tests the fourth (trochlear) and sixth (abducens) crainial nerves together by having a patient do which of the following?

a) Turn his head to the right and left
b) Identify whispering in his ears
c) Say “ahhh.”
d) Follow his finger with his eyes

Answer 20

d) Follow his finger with his eyes

Question 21

Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system activation?

a) Tachycardia, dilated pupils
b) Increased peristalsis, abdominal cramping
c) Hypoglycemia, headache
d) Pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction

Answer 21

a) Tachycardia, dilated pupils

Question 22

Which neurotransmitter mediates the sympathetic response?

a) Acetylcholine
b) Prostaglandin
c) Norepinephrine
d) Serotonin

Answer 22

c) Norepinephrine

Question 23

Which of the following actions are controlled by nerves exiting from the cervical portion of the spinal cord? (Select all that apply)

a) Blinking
b) Writing
c) Sticking out the tongue
d) Nodding
e) Urinating
f) Homans’ sign

Answer 23

b) Writing

d) Nodding

Question 24

The nurse is assisting a patient to prepare for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

a) Administer enemas until clear
b) Remove all metal jewelry
c) Position the patient on his or her side
d) Remove the patient’s dentures

Answer 24

c) Position the patient on his or her side

Question 25

When caring for a patient who has just undergone a lumbar puncture, which of the following nursing actions takes the highest priority?

a) Have the patient lie flat for 6 to 8 hours
b) Keep the patient NPO for 4 hours
c) Monitor the patient’s pedal pulses q4h
d) Encourage the patient to deep breathe and cough

Answer 25

a) Have the patient lie flat for 6 to 8 hours

Question 26

A patient is scheduled for an MRI and asks what to expect. Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?

a) “It is the measurement of muscle contraction after stimulation by tiny needle electrodes.”
b) “Electrodes will be placed on your scalp to measure activity of the brain.”
c) “A scan of your brain will be done after injection of a radioisotope.”
d) “You’ll be placed in a scanner that uses magnetic energy to visualize internal parts.”

Answer 26

d) “You’ll be placed in a scanner that uses magnetic energy to visualize internal parts.”

Question 27

A nurse is providing care for a patient scheduled for a computerized tomography scan (CT scan) of the brain. Which of the following statements should be included in the patient teaching? (Select all that apply)

a) “You will need to lie still for one to two hours during the exam.”
b) “Notify the staff if you have any nausea, sweating, or itching during the exam.”
c) “Mild sedation can be given if you become agitated.”
d) “You may have a feeling of warmth throughout your body after the dye is injected.”
e) “The table may be moved to various positions during the test.”
f) “This test can’t be used if you have any metal in your body.”

Answer 27

b, c, d, e, f