Chapter 46 Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the liver do?

A

produce bile

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2
Q

what does the gallbladder do?

A

stores and concentrates bile

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3
Q

what does the pancreas do?

A

produces pancreatic juice, digestive enzymes + bicarbonate buffer

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4
Q

what is the esophagus?

A

muscular tube connecting to the stomach , actively moves a bolus through peristalsis, contains sphincter which humans lack

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5
Q

what is the function of saliva?

A

the tongue mixes food with saliva to moisten and lubricate the food, contains salivary amylase which initiates breakdown of starch

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6
Q

what is the stomach?

A

saclike portion of tract, convoluted surface allows expansion, contains 3rd layer of smooth muscles for mixing food + gastric juice

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7
Q

what are the 3 kinds of secreting cells in the stomach?

A

mucus, parietal, pepsinogen

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8
Q

what happens inside the stomach?

A

low ph helps denature food proteins
pepsin=polypeptides=small peptides

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9
Q

what makes up the small intestine?

A

consists of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
receives chyme from stomach and digestive enzymes from pancreas

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10
Q

what happens in absorption?

A

amino acids and monosaccharides are transported through epithelial cells to blood, blood carries these to liver via hepatic portal vein, fatty acids dissolve into epithelial cells

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11
Q

what makes up the large intestine?

A

much shorter than small intestine but larger diameter, function to reabsorb water, remaining electrolytes, and vitamin k, prepare waste for expulsion

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12
Q

what is the regulation of the digestive tract?

A

gastrointestinal activities are coordinated by the nervous and endocrine system

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