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Med Terms > Chapter 44 Med Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 44 Med Terms Flashcards

1
Q

isotonic exercises in which the client moves each joint in the body through its complete range of movement, maximally stretching all muscle groups within each plane over the joint

A

active ROM exercises

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2
Q

the type and amount of exercise or ADLs an individual is able to perform without experience adverse affects

A

activity tolerance

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3
Q

refers to a persons routine of exercise, activity, leisure, and recreation.

includes ADLs that require energy expenditure such as hygiene, dressing, cooking, shopping, eating, working, and home maintenance, and the type, quality, and qyantity of exercise, including sports.

A

activity-exercise pattern

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4
Q

activity during which the amount of oxygen taken in to the body is greater than that used to perform the activity.

A

aerobic exercise

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5
Q

the act of walking

A

ambulation

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6
Q

protein synthesis

A

anabolism

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7
Q

involves activity in which the muscles cannot draw out enough oxygen from the bloodstream, and anaerobic pathways are used to provide additional energy for a short time.

A

anaerobic exercise

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8
Q

permanently immobile

A

ankylosed

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9
Q

loss of appetite that occurs because of the decreased metabolic rate and the increased catabolism that accompanies mobility

A

anorexia

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10
Q

the collapse of a lobe or of an entire lung

A

atelectasis

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11
Q

decrease in size

like of muscle

A

atrophy

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12
Q

the minimal energy expended for the maintenance of these processes, expressed in calories per hour per square meter of the body surface.

A

basal metabolic rate

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13
Q

foundation on which the body rests

A

base of support

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14
Q

the act of being confined strictly to bed or “complete bed rest”
or
sometimes the client can have bathroom or bedside commode privileges

meanings vary

A

bed rest

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15
Q

stones

A

calculi

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16
Q

protein breakdown

A

catabolism

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17
Q

the point at which all of the body’s mass is centered

A

center of gravity

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18
Q

permanent shortening of the muscle

A

contracture

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19
Q

palpable or audible crackling or grating sensation produced by joint motion and frequently experienced in joints that have suffered repeated trauma over time

A

crepitation

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20
Q

back lying position without head and shoulders elevated

A

dorsal position

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21
Q

back lying position with head and shoulders slightly elevated

sometimes used interchangeably with “supine” position

A

dorsal recumbent position

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22
Q

an object that has moved from its place of origin, causing obstruction to circulation elsewhere

A

embolus

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23
Q

without muscle tone

A

flaccid

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24
Q

a joint deformity that occurs in the foot causing a plantar flexion contracture due to a stronger muscle dominating the opposite muscle

A

foot drop

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25
Q

semi-sitting position in which the head and trunk are raised 45-60 degrees relative to the bed; knees may or may not be flexed

A

fowler’s position

26
Q

another goal of exercise, defined as the ability of the body to perform work

A

functional strength

27
Q

walk

A

gait

28
Q

when the head and trunk are raised 60-90 degrees and most often means the client is sitting upright at a right angle to the bed

A

high-fowler’s position

29
Q

enlargement

A

hypertrophy

30
Q

This plan tailors exercise mode and dose and address these varying states with each person to ensure greater adherence to an exercise program.

A

individualized exercise prescriptions

31
Q

involves muscle contraction or tension against resistance. during this the person tenses (isometric) against resistance.

A

isokinetic (resistive) exercises

32
Q

________ exercises are those in which muscle contraction occurs without moving the joint (muscle length doesn’t change)

A

isometric (static or setting) exercises

33
Q

_______ exercises are those in which the muscle shortens to produce muscle contraction and active movement.

A

isotonic (dynamic) exercises

34
Q

side- lying position

A

lateral position

35
Q

an imaginary vertical line drawn through the body’s center of gravity

A

line of gravity

36
Q

a technique used to turn a client whose body must at all times be kept in a straight alignment.

A

logrolling

37
Q

an exaggerated anterior/inward curvature of the lumbar spine.

A

lordosis

38
Q

________ refers to the sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living substance is formed and maintained and by which energy is made available for the use by the body.

A

metabolism

39
Q

the ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully in the environment.

A

mobility

40
Q

when the client sits either in bed or on the side of the bed with an overbed table across the lap

A

orthopneic position

41
Q

a decrease in BP related to positional or postural changes from lying to sitting or standing positions

A

orthostatic hypotension

42
Q

a condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile due to calcium depletion

A

osteoporosis

43
Q

of steps taken per minute

A

pace

44
Q

paralyzed

A

paresis

45
Q

when another person moves each of the clients joints through its complete range of movement, maximally stretching all muscle groups within each plane over each joint.

A

passive ROM exercises

46
Q

in the ______ position the client lays on the abdomen with the head turned to one side.

A

prone

47
Q

term used to describe awareness of posture, movement, and changes in equilibrium and the knowledge of position, weight, and resistance of objects in relation to the body.

A

proprioception

48
Q

the ___________ of a joint is the maximum movement that is possible for that joint.

A

range of motion (ROM)

49
Q

a healthful physiological relaxation that can be elicited through recitation of a word or phrase or prayer while sitting quietly and relaxing; beneficial for counteracting some of the harmful effects of stress on the body and mind.

A

relaxation response (RR)

50
Q

when the head and trunk are raised 15-45 degrees

A

semi- fowlers position

51
Q

a semi prone position halfway between the lateral and prone positions.

A

sims’ position- see page 1038

52
Q

with too much muscle tone

A

spastic

53
Q

laying face up without head elevated

A

supine position

54
Q

a clot that is loosely attached to an inflamed vein wall.

A

thrombophlebitis

55
Q

clot

A

thrombus

56
Q

the proper standing position with crutches.

A

tripod (triangle) position

crutches are placed about 15 cm/6 in in front of the feet and out laterally about 6in.

57
Q

involuntary urination

A

urinary incontinence

58
Q

backward flow [of urine]

A

urinary reflux

59
Q

accumulation of urine in the bladder

A

urinary retention

60
Q

stoppage or slow down of flow [of urine]

A

urinary stasis

61
Q

refers to holding the breath and straining against a closed glottis

A

Valsalva maneuver

62
Q

maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation

A

vital capacity

Med Terms (20 decks)

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