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Med Terms > Chapter 35 Med Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 35 Med Terms Flashcards

1
Q

the process by which a drug passes into the bloodstream

A

absorption

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2
Q

severe side effects that may justify the discontinuation of a drug

A

adverse effects

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3
Q

a drug that interacts with a receptor to produce a response

A

agonist

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4
Q

a glass container usually designed to hold a single dose of a drug

A

ampule

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5
Q

a severe allergic reaction that usually occurs immediately after the administration of a drug

A

anaphylactic reaction

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6
Q

drug that inhibits cell function by occupying the drug’s receptor sites

A

antagonist

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7
Q

the slanted part at the tip of a needle

A

bevel

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8
Q

process by which a drug is converted to a less active form

A

biotransformation

also called detoxification

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9
Q

name of the drug given by the drug manufacturer; also called the trade name

A

brand name

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10
Q

a medication (e.g., a tablet) that is held in the mouth against the mucous membranes of the cheek until the drug dissolves

A

buccal

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11
Q

a tube with a lumen (channel) that is inserted into a cavity or duct and is often fitted with a trocar during insertion for abdominal paracentesis; the part of the needle that is attached to the hub; also called a shaft

A

cannula

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12
Q

the name by which a chemist knows a drug; describes the constituents of the drug precisely

A

chemical name

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13
Q

the increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion

A

cumulative effect

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14
Q

the primary effect intended of a drug; reason the drug is prescribed

A

desired effect

aka therapeutic effect

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15
Q

the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action

A

distribution

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16
Q

a chemical compound taken for disease prevention, diagnosis, cure, or relief or to affect the structure or function of the body

A

drug

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17
Q

excessive intake of a substance either continually or periodically

A

drug abuse

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18
Q

an immunologic reaction to a drug

A

drug allergy

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19
Q

inability to keep the intake of a drug or substance under control

A

drug dependence

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20
Q

a mild form of psychological dependence on a drug

A

drug habituation

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21
Q

the time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of a drug to one half of what it was at initial administration

A

drug half-life

also called elimination half life

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22
Q

the beneficial or harmful interaction of one drug with another drug

A

drug interaction

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23
Q

a condition in which successive increases in the dosage of a drug are required to maintain a given therapeutic effect

A

drug tolerance

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24
Q

the quality of a drug that exerts a deleterious effect on an organism or tissue

A

drug toxicity

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25
Q

process of creating the most accurate list possible of all medications a client is talking- including drug name, dosage, frequency, and route- and comparing that list against the physician’s admission, transfer, and/ or discharge orders, with the goal of providing correct medication to the client at all transition points within the hospital

A

medication reconcilitation

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26
Q

the crescent- shaped upper surface of a column of liquid

A

meniscus

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27
Q

the sum of all physical and chemical processes by which a living substance is formed and maintained by which energy is made available for use by the organism

A

metabolism

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28
Q

end products or enzymes

A

metabolites

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29
Q

a handheld neutralizer that is pressurized container of medication that can be used by the client to release the medication through a mouthpiece

A

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

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30
Q

a tube inserted by way of the nasopharynx or the oropharynx: it is placed into the stomach for the temporary purpose of feeding the client or to remove gastric sercretions

A

nasogastric (NG) tube

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31
Q

Nothing By Mouth; literally “nil per os”

A

NPO

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32
Q

the name under which a drug is listed in one of the official publications (ex the United States Pharmacopoeia)

A

official name

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33
Q

the time after drug administration when the body initially responds to the drug

A

onset of action

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34
Q

pertaining to medications for the eye

A

ophthalmic

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35
Q

a method of administration in which the drug is swallowed

A

oral

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36
Q

refers to instillation or irrigation of the external auditory canal

A

otic

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37
Q

drug administration using a medication route other than the alimentary or digestive tract; injected into the body intradermally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously

A

parenteral

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38
Q

the concentration of the drug in the blood plasma that occurs when the elimination rate equals the rate of absorption

A

peak plasma level

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39
Q

route of absorption of a topical medication through the skin

A

percutaneous

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40
Q

a person licensed to prepare and dispense drugs and prescriptions

A

pharmacist

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41
Q

the process by which a drug alters cell physiology

A

pharmacodynamics

42
Q

process by which the effect of a drug is influences by genetic variations such as gender, size, and body composition

A

pharmacogenetics

43
Q

the scientific study of the absorption, distribution, bio transformation, and excretion of drugs

A

pharmakinetics

44
Q

the scientific study of the actions of drugs on living animals and humans

A

pharmacology

45
Q

a book containing a list of drug products used in medicine, including their descriptions and formulas

A

pharmacopoeia

46
Q

the art of preparing, compounding, and dispensing drugs; also refers to the place where drugs are prepared ans dispensed

A

pharamcy

47
Q

biochemical changes occurring in the body as a result of excessive use of a drug

A

physiological dependence

48
Q

a secondary IV setup that connects a second container to the tubing of a primary container at the upper port; used solely for intermittent drug admistration

A

piggyback

49
Q

a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma during a series of scheduled doses

A

plateau

50
Q

The effect of one or both drugs may be either increased

A

Potentiating effect

51
Q

Injectable medications are frequently supplied in disposable.

Available in prefilled syringes ready for use or prefilled sterile cartridges and needles that require the attachment of a reusable holder before use.

A

Prefilled unit-dose systems

52
Q

The written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug

A

Prescription

53
Q

Or As needed ordered, premits the nurse to give a medication when, in the nurses’ judgment, and or when the client requires it.

A

Prn order

54
Q

Is emotional reliance on a drug to maintain a sense of well-being, accompanied by feelings of need or cravings for that drug.

A

Psychological dependence

55
Q

Is the drugs specfic target, usually a protein located in the surface of a cell membrane or within the cell.

A

Receptor

56
Q

The technique of adding a diluent to a powerdered drug to prepare it for administration

A

Reconstitution

57
Q

( The Cannula) which is attached to the hub; and the bevel.

A

Shaft

58
Q

Or secondary effect, of a drug is one that is unintended.

Usually predictable and may be either harmless or potentially harmful.

A

Side effect

59
Q

Or one- time order is for medication to be given once at specified time.

A

Single order

60
Q

May or may not have a termimation date. May be carried out indefinitely until an order is written to cancel, or may be carried out for a specific number of days.

A

Standing order

61
Q

Indicates that the medication is to be givsn immediately and only once

A

Stat order

62
Q

(Hypodermic) into the subcutaneous tissue, just below the skin

A

Subcutaneous

63
Q

In Administration a drug is placed under the tongue, where is dissovles

A

Sublingual

64
Q

Occurs when rwo different drugs increase the action of one or another drug

A

Synergistic effect

65
Q

Commonly used additive or secondary IV setup.
A second container is attached to the line of the first container at the lower , secondary port. This permits medications to be administered intermittently or simultaneously with the primary solution

A

Tandem

66
Q

Also referred to as the desired effect, is the primary effect intended, that is, the reason the drug is prescribed

A

Therapeutic effect

67
Q

Applications are those applied to a circumscribed surface area of the body.
Include: dermatologis preparations, insillations and irrigations and inhalations

A

Topical

68
Q

Sometimes called the brand name. Is the name given by the drug manufacture and identifies it as property of that company

A

Trade name

69
Q

A particular type of topical or dermatologic medication delivery system

A

Transdermal patch

70
Q

Originally designed to administer tuberculin solution.

A

Tuberculin syringe

71
Q

Is a small glass bottle with a sealed rubber cap. Come in different sizes from single to multiple dose

A

Vial

72
Q

Intermittent medications may also be administered by a

A

Volume- control infusion set

73
Q

The time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of a drug to one half of what it was at initial administration.

A

Elimination Half-Life

74
Q

The injection of an anesthetic agent into the epidural or intrathecal (subarachnoid) space.

A

Epidural

75
Q

Study of the effect of ethnicity on responses to prescribed medicines.

A

Ethnopharmacology

76
Q

Elimination of a waste product produced by the body cells from the body.

A

Excretion

77
Q

A tube that is surgically placed directly into the client’s stomach and provides another route for administering nutrition and medications.

A

Gastrostomy Tube

78
Q

The diameter of the shaft of a needle; the larger the gauge number, the smaller the diameter of the shaft.

A

Gauge

79
Q

Given before a drug officially becomes an approved medication.

A

Generic Name

80
Q

The part of the needle that fits into the syringe.

A

Hub

81
Q

Under the skin.

A

Hypodermic

82
Q

A type of syringe that comes in 2-2.5 and 3 mL sizes, the syringe usually has two scales marked on it t.

A

Hypodermic Syringe

83
Q

Disease caused unintentionally by medical therapy.

A

Iatrogenic Disease

84
Q

A different, unexpected, or individual effect from the normal one usually expected from a medication; the occurrence of unpredictable and unexplainable symptoms.

A

Idiosyncratic Effect

85
Q

Syringe that has a scale specially designed for insulin and is the only type of syringe that should be used to administer insulin.

A

Insulin Syringe

86
Q

Under the epidermis and into the dermis.

A

Intradermal (ID)

87
Q

The administration of a drug into the dermal layer of the skin just beneath the epidermis.

A

Intradermal Injection

88
Q

Into the muscle.

A

Intramuscular

89
Q

The administration of a drug into the muscle tissue.

A

Intramuscular Injection

90
Q

Into the spinal cord.

A

Intraspinal

91
Q

Same as Intraspinal.

A

Intrathecal

92
Q

Within a vein.

A

Intravenous (IV)

93
Q

Flushing or washing out with a specified solution.

A

Irrigation

94
Q

An irrigation or washing of a body organ, such as the stomach.

A

Lavage

95
Q

A substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease.

A

Medication

96
Q

deltoid muscle

A

this injection site is found on the lateral aspect of upper arm and is not used often for intramuscular injections; rapid absorption; no more than 1mL of solution can be administered; recommended for use of hep b vaccine in adults

97
Q

intraosseous

A

this injection site is into the bone

98
Q

vastus lateralis site

A

this injection site is usually thick and well developed. It is recommended as the site of choice for intramuscular injections for infants and young children. It is the anterior lateral aspect of the infant’s thigh.

99
Q

rectus femoris site

A

this injection site belongs to the quadriceps muscle group and is used only occasionally for intramuscular injections. it is situated on the anterior aspect of the thigh. its chief advantage is that clients who administer their own injections can reach this site easily. the main disadvantage is that an injection here may cause considerable discomfort for some people.

100
Q

dorsogluteal injection site

A

this injection site was historically used for intramuscular injections, however it is close to the sciatic nerve and superior gluteal nerve and artery.

101
Q

ventrogluteal injection site

A

this injection site is in the gluteus medius muscle and is the preferred site for intramuscular injections because the area contains no large nerves or blood vessels, provides the greatest thickness of gluteal muscle, is sealed off by bone, contains consistently less fat than the buttock area, thus eliminating the need to determine the depth of subcu fat

102
Q

subcutaneous injection site

A

this injection site is below the epidermis and dermis, but above muscle and is usually given on the back/outer aspects of the arm, anterior aspect of the thigh, the arm or abdomen. common uses: vaccine, insulin, heparin

Med Terms (20 decks)

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