Chapter 43 Sleep Flashcards
Biological Clocks
Persons need to synchronize their sleep cycles
Cateplexy
Sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions such as anger, sadness, or laughter
Circadian Rhythm
24 hour day-night cycle in which physical, mental, and behavioral changes happen
EDS Excessive Daytime Sleepyness
Common complaint in individuals that experience sleep apnea that involve fatigue, morning headaches, irritability, depression, difficulty concentrating, and decreased sex drive.
Hypersomnolescence
Hyper-somnolence is a condition where a person experiences significant episodes of sleepiness, even after having 7 hours or more of quality sleep.
Hypnotics
Medications that induce sleep
Insomnia
Chronic difficulty in falling asleep, frequent awakenings from sleep, and a short sleep or non restorative sleep. It is the most common sleep disorder with 30% of adults with this problem.
Narcolepsy
Dysfunction of the processes that regulate sleep and wake states. EDS is the most common complaint with this disorder.
Nocturia
Urination during the night that can disrupt the sleep cycle and often leads to EDS of fatigue
NREM Non Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
75% of the night (3 stages N1, N2, N3)
N1: lightest sleep, few minutes, easily aroused
N2: Stage of sound sleeping which relaxation progresses, arousal still easy, brain and muscle activity continues to slow
N3: Deepest stage of sleep, very difficult to arouse and rarely moved, vitals signs lower
Polysomnogram
Involves the used of EEG, EMG, and EOG to monitor stages of sleep and wakefulness during nighttime sleep.
REM
25% of the night
Consists of vivid dreams and starts about 90 minutes after sleeping starts
Very difficult to arouse sleeper and loss of skeletal muscle occurs. This stage increases by 20 minutes with each cycle.
Rest
When people are in a state of mental, physical, and spiritual activity that leaves them feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to resume the activities of the day.
Sedatives
Medications that produce a calming or soothing effect
Sleep Apnea
A disorder in which someone is unable to breathe and sleep at the same time. There is a lack of airflow from periods of 10 seconds to 1-2 minutes in length. There are 3 types: obstructive, central, and mixed apnea.
